Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A 10-year-old with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) evaluated at the mental health clinic is exhibiting hyperactivity and distractibility. After 5 weeks of methylphenidate, the nurse should monitor for which desired outcome? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
A. working on an arithmetic quiz for 20 minutes without getting out of their seat
Working on an arithmetic quiz for 20 minutes without getting out of their seat: This outcome indicates improved focus and attention span, which are desired effects of methylphenidate in managing ADHD symptoms. The ability to stay seated and concentrate on a task for an extended period is a positive sign of the medication’s effectiveness.
B. family members report no episodes of pica
Family members report no episodes of pica: Pica, the consumption of non-food items, is not typically associated with ADHD. Therefore, the absence of pica episodes is not a relevant outcome for evaluating the effectiveness of methylphenidate in this context.
C. does not tell untrue information
Does not tell untrue information: While honesty is important, it is not a primary focus of ADHD treatment. Methylphenidate aims to improve attention, focus, and reduce hyperactivity, rather than directly addressing truthfulness.
D. completing a jigsaw puzzle with a friend
Completing a jigsaw puzzle with a friend: Successfully completing a jigsaw puzzle with a friend demonstrates improved attention, focus, and social interaction skills. These are positive outcomes of methylphenidate treatment for ADHD, indicating better management of hyperactivity and distractibility.
E. decreased manipulative behaviors
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - ATI n200 Pharmacology Proctored Exam. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A) Working on an arithmetic quiz for 20 minutes without getting out of their seat: This outcome indicates improved focus and attention span, which are desired effects of methylphenidate in managing ADHD symptoms. The ability to stay seated and concentrate on a task for an extended period is a positive sign of the medication’s effectiveness.
B) Family members report no episodes of pica: Pica, the consumption of non-food items, is not typically associated with ADHD. Therefore, the absence of pica episodes is not a relevant outcome for evaluating the effectiveness of methylphenidate in this context.
C) Does not tell untrue information: While honesty is important, it is not a primary focus of ADHD treatment. Methylphenidate aims to improve attention, focus, and reduce hyperactivity, rather than directly addressing truthfulness.
D) Completing a jigsaw puzzle with a friend: Successfully completing a jigsaw puzzle with a friend demonstrates improved attention, focus, and social interaction skills. These are positive outcomes of methylphenidate treatment for ADHD, indicating better management of hyperactivity and distractibility.
Similar Questions
The nurse auscultates a heart murmur on a client with cardiovascular disease. At which anatomic landmark will an aortic murmur be heard the loudest?
A. Second Intercostal space right of sternum
Second intercostal space right of sternum: This is the correct location for auscultating an aortic murmur. The aortic area is best heard at the second intercostal space on the right side of the sternum, where the sound of blood flow through the aortic valve is most prominent.
B. Fourth intercostal space, left mid-clavicular line
Fourth intercostal space, left mid-clavicular line: This location is typically associated with the mitral valve area, not the aortic area. While important for other heart sounds, it does not correspond to where an aortic murmur would be heard loudest.
C. Third intercostal space, left of sternum
Third intercostal space, left of sternum: This area is generally associated with the pulmonic area, not the aorta. Murmurs from the aortic valve would not be best heard here.
D. Second intercostal space left of sternum
Second intercostal space left of sternum: This location is associated with the pulmonic area as well. An aortic murmur would not be best auscultated here, making this option incorrect for identifying an aortic murmur specifically.
Full Explanation
A) Second intercostal space right of sternum: This is the correct location for auscultating an aortic murmur. The aortic area is best heard at the second intercostal space on the right side of the sternum, where the sound of blood flow through the aortic valve is most prominent.
B) Fourth intercostal space, left mid-clavicular line: This location is typically associated with the mitral valve area, not the aortic area. While important for other heart sounds, it does not correspond to where an aortic murmur would be heard loudest.
C) Third intercostal space, left of sternum: This area is generally associated with the pulmonic area, not the aorta. Murmurs from the aortic valve would not be best heard here.
D) Second intercostal space left of sternum: This location is associated with the pulmonic area as well. An aortic murmur would not be best auscultated here, making this option incorrect for identifying an aortic murmur specifically.
The nurse calculates that 8 ml of cefazolin is to be drawn from a vial after reconstitution. The instructions state that the medication is to be further diluted in 50 mls of NSS for IV administration and to run over 30 minutes. At what rate will the nurse set to infusion pump to deliver the medication?
Full Explanation
To calculate the infusion rate, we'll follow these steps:
Determine the total volume to be administered:
8 mL (drawn from the vial) + 50 mL (dilution with NSS) = 58 mL
Calculate the infusion rate:
58 mL ÷ 30 minutes = 1.93 mL/minute
Convert mL/minute to mL/hour:
1.93 mL/minute × 60 minutes/hour = 116 mL/hour
The nurse reviews the newly written prescriptions for a client admitted with the diagnoses of coronary artery disease and hypertension. Which prescription should the nurse implement first?
A. Furosemide 40 mg PO daily for a client whose blood pressure is 123986.
Furosemide 40 mg PO daily for a client whose blood pressure is 123/86: While furosemide is important for managing fluid status, the client's blood pressure is within a normal range, and this medication does not address any acute concerns.
B. Nitroglycerin 0.4 mg SL PRN for a client complaining of chest
Nitroglycerin 0.4 mg SL PRN for a client complaining of chest pain: This prescription should be implemented first because it addresses an immediate and potentially life-threatening symptom. Chest pain can indicate angina or myocardial infarction, making it critical to relieve this symptom promptly.
C. Metoprolol 25 mg PO bid for a client whose heart rate is 55 beats
Metoprolol 25 mg PO bid for a client whose heart rate is 55 beats: While metoprolol is important for managing heart rate and hypertension, a heart rate of 55 beats/minute is on the lower end and could warrant caution. The priority would be to assess the need for medication before administering it.
D. Diltiazem 30 mg PO tid for a client whose heart rate is 90 beats/min
Diltiazem 30 mg PO tid for a client whose heart rate is 90 beats/min: This medication is also important for managing heart rate and hypertension but is not the priority over addressing acute chest pain. The client’s heart rate is within a normal range, so this does not require immediate action compared to the nitroglycerin for chest pain.
Full Explanation
A) Furosemide 40 mg PO daily for a client whose blood pressure is 123/86: While furosemide is important for managing fluid status, the client's blood pressure is within a normal range, and this medication does not address any acute concerns.
B) Nitroglycerin 0.4 mg SL PRN for a client complaining of chest pain: This prescription should be implemented first because it addresses an immediate and potentially life-threatening symptom. Chest pain can indicate angina or myocardial infarction, making it critical to relieve this symptom promptly.
C) Metoprolol 25 mg PO bid for a client whose heart rate is 55 beats: While metoprolol is important for managing heart rate and hypertension, a heart rate of 55 beats/minute is on the lower end and could warrant caution. The priority would be to assess the need for medication before administering it.
D) Diltiazem 30 mg PO tid for a client whose heart rate is 90 beats/min: This medication is also important for managing heart rate and hypertension but is not the priority over addressing acute chest pain. The client’s heart rate is within a normal range, so this does not require immediate action compared to the nitroglycerin for chest pain.