Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A child is diagnosed with juvenile hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect to assess which symptoms are associated with hypothyroidism. (Select all that apply.).
A. Weight loss
This is wrong because weight loss is more likely to occur in hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormones.
B. Sleepiness or Fatigue
Sleepiness or fatigue around the eyes are symptoms associated with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, which regulate the body’s metabolism and energy levels.
C. Diarrhea
This is wrong because diarrhea is also more likely to occur in hyperthyroidism, as the excess thyroid hormones speed up the digestive system.
D. Puffiness around the eyes
Puffiness around the eyes is a symptom associated with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, which regulate the body’s metabolism and energy levels.
E. Limited hair growth
This is wrong because limited hair growth is not a specific symptom of hypothyroidism. Hair loss or thinning may occur in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, depending on the severity and duration of the condition. Normal ranges for thyroid hormones are: TSH: 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L T3: 100 to 200 ng/dL T4: 4.5 to 11.2 mcg/dL
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - OB Pediatric Cumulative Exam Test 4 V 1 2023 Proctored Exam. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
Sleepiness or fatigue and puffiness around the eyes are symptoms associated with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, which regulate the body’s metabolism and energy levels.
Choice A is wrong because weight loss is more likely to occur in hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormones.
Choice C is wrong because diarrhea is also more likely to occur in hyperthyroidism, as the excess thyroid hormones speed up the digestive system.
Choice E is wrong because limited hair growth is not a specific symptom of hypothyroidism. Hair loss or thinning may occur in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, depending on the severity and duration of the condition.
Normal ranges for thyroid hormones are:
- TSH: 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L
- T3: 100 to 200 ng/dL
- T4: 4.5 to 11.2 mcg/dL
Similar Questions
What should the nurse stress in a teaching plan for the mother of an 11-year-old diagnosed with ulcerative colitis?
A. Preventing the spread of illness to others.
This is wrong because ulcerative colitis is not an infectious disease that can spread to others.
B. Nutritional guidance and preventing constipation.
This is wrong because ulcerative colitis causes diarrhea, not constipation. Nutritional guidance is important, but not the main focus of teaching.
C. Teaching daily use of enemas.
This is wrong because the daily use of enemas is not part of the treatment plan for ulcerative colitis. Enemas can irritate the colon and cause more inflammation.
D. Coping with stress and avoiding triggers.
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that causes diarrhea, pain, and bleeding in the colon. Stress and certain foods can trigger or worsen the symptoms, so it is important to teach the mother how to help her son cope with stress and avoid triggers.
Full Explanation
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that causes diarrhea, pain, and bleeding in the colon. Stress and certain foods can trigger or worsen the symptoms, so it is important to teach the mother how to help her son cope with stress and avoid triggers.
Choice A is wrong because ulcerative colitis is not an infectious disease that can spread to others.
Choice B is wrong because ulcerative colitis causes diarrhea, not constipation. Nutritional guidance is important, but not the main focus of teaching.
Choice C is wrong because the daily use of enemas is not part of the treatment plan for ulcerative colitis. Enemas can irritate the colon and cause more inflammation.
The nurse is meeting a 5-year-old child for the first time and would like the child to cooperate during a dressing change.
The nurse decides to do a simple magic trick using gauze. This should be interpreted as:
A. Inappropriate, because of child’s age
This is wrong because 5-year-old children are curious and imaginative, and they enjoy magic tricks and fantasy play.
B. A way to establish rapport
A way to establish rapport. Doing a simple magic trick using gauze is a way to gain the child’s trust and attention, and to make the dressing change less stressful and more fun. This is appropriate for a 5-year-old child who is in the stage of initiative versus guilt according to Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development.
C. Too distracting when cooperation is important
This is wrong because a simple magic trick is not too distracting, but rather a way to engage the child and reduce anxiety.
D. Acceptable, if there is adequate time
This is wrong because a simple magic trick is not inappropriate due to the child’s cognitive development. According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, 5-year-old children are in the preoperational stage, which means they can use symbols and language to represent objects and events. A magic trick using gauze is a symbolic representation of something else, which the child can understand and appreciate.
Full Explanation
A way to establish rapport. Doing a simple magic trick using gauze is a way to gain the child’s trust and attention, and to make the dressing change less stressful and more fun. This is appropriate for a 5-year-old child who is in the stage of initiative versus guilt according to Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development.
Choice A is wrong because 5-year-old children are curious and imaginative, and they enjoy magic tricks and fantasy play.
Choice C is wrong because a simple magic trick is not too distracting, but rather a way to engage the child and reduce anxiety.
Choice D is wrong because a simple magic trick is not inappropriate due to the child’s cognitive development. According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, 5-year-old children are in the preoperational stage, which means they can use symbols and language to represent objects and events.
A magic trick using gauze is a symbolic representation of something else, which the child can understand and appreciate.
A school-age child is admitted in vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis.
The child’s care should include which intervention? (Select all that apply.)
A. Correction of acidosis
This is wrong because correction of acidosis is not a specific intervention for vaso- occlusive crisis. Acidosis may occur as a complication of sickle cell disease, but it is not the primary cause of the crisis.
B. Adequate hydration.
The management of an acute event of a vaso-occlusive crisis is the use of potent analgesics (opioids), rehydration with normal saline or Ringer’s lactate, treatment of malaria (whether symptomatic or not) using artemisinin combination therapy, and the use of oxygen via face mask, especially for acute chest syndrome.
C. Pain management.
The management of an acute event of a vaso-occlusive crisis is the use of potent analgesics (opioids), rehydration with normal saline or Ringer’s lactate, treatment of malaria (whether symptomatic or not) using artemisinin combination therapy, and the use of oxygen via face mask, especially for acute chest syndrome.
D. Administration of heparin.
This is wrong because the administration of heparin is not recommended for the vaso-occlusive crisis. Heparin is an anticoagulant that may increase the risk of bleeding and does not prevent or treat the sickling process. Normal ranges for hemoglobin are 11.5 to 15.5 g/dl for children after 2 years of age. Normal ranges for reticulocyte count are 0.5% to 1.5% for adults and 0.5% to 2.5% for children.
Full Explanation
The child’s care should include adequate hydration and pain management. The management of an acute event of a vaso-occlusive crisis is the use of potent analgesics (opioids), rehydration with normal saline or Ringer’s lactate, treatment of malaria (whether symptomatic or not) using artemisinin combination therapy, and the use of oxygen via face mask, especially for acute chest syndrome.
Choice A is wrong because correction of acidosis is not a specific intervention for the vaso- occlusive crisis.
Acidosis may occur as a complication of sickle cell disease, but it is not the primary cause of the crisis.
Choice D is wrong because the administration of heparin is not recommended for the vaso-occlusive crisis.
Heparin is an anticoagulant that may increase the risk of bleeding and does not prevent or treat the sickling process.
Normal ranges for hemoglobin are 11.5 to 15.5 g/dl for children after 2 years of age.
Normal ranges for reticulocyte count are 0.5% to 1.5% for adults and 0.5% to 2.5% for children.