Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A. Place the client in airborne isolation.
Placing the client in airborne isolation is a priority because measles is highly contagious and spread through airborne droplets. Airborne precautions are necessary to prevent the transmission of pathogens that can remain suspended in the air for longer periods. Measles is known for its high infectivity, and isolating the client in a negative pressure room equipped with HEPA filtration can help prevent the spread of the virus to other patients and healthcare workers.
B. Advise the family members not to bring flowers into the room.
While advising family members not to bring flowers into the room is a reasonable infection control measure, it is not the priority action in this scenario. The immediate concern is to prevent the spread of the highly contagious measles virus through airborne transmission.
C. Obtain a sputum sample for culture.
Obtaining a sputum sample for culture is not the priority action in this situation. Measles is a viral infection, and sputum cultures are typically used to identify bacterial infections. Additionally, the primary mode of transmission for measles is through airborne droplets, so preventing its spread takes precedence over obtaining a sputum sample.
D. Place the client on contact precaution.
Placing the client on contact precaution is not the correct choice for managing measles. Measles is primarily transmitted through the airborne route, so airborne precautions, not contact precautions, are necessary to prevent its transmission.
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Full Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Placing the client in airborne isolation is a priority because measles is highly contagious and spread through airborne droplets. Airborne precautions are necessary to prevent the transmission of pathogens that can remain suspended in the air for longer periods. Measles is known for its high infectivity, and isolating the client in a negative pressure room equipped with HEPA filtration can help prevent the spread of the virus to other patients and healthcare workers.
Choice B rationale:
While advising family members not to bring flowers into the room is a reasonable infection control measure, it is not the priority action in this scenario. The immediate concern is to prevent the spread of the highly contagious measles virus through airborne transmission.
Choice C rationale:
Obtaining a sputum sample for culture is not the priority action in this situation. Measles is a viral infection, and sputum cultures are typically used to identify bacterial infections. Additionally, the primary mode of transmission for measles is through airborne droplets, so preventing its spread takes precedence over obtaining a sputum sample.
Choice D rationale:
Placing the client on contact precaution is not the correct choice for managing measles. Measles is primarily transmitted through the airborne route, so airborne precautions, not contact precautions, are necessary to prevent its transmission.
Similar Questions
A nurse is caring for a client who has emphysema. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to see in this client? (Select all that apply.).
A. Dyspnea.
Dyspnea (shortness of breath) is a common finding in clients with emphysema. Emphysema is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease characterized by the destruction of lung tissue, leading to reduced lung elasticity and airflow limitation, which can result in difficulty breathing.
B. Clubbing of the fingers.
Clubbing of the fingers is another expected finding in clients with advanced emphysema. Clubbing is the swelling and rounding of the fingertips, often associated with chronic respiratory conditions. It is thought to be a result of chronic hypoxia and inadequate oxygenation.
C. Deep respirations.
Deep respirations are not typically associated with emphysema. Clients with emphysema often exhibit shallow, rapid respirations due to the loss of lung tissue elasticity, which impairs the normal respiratory mechanics.
D. Bradycardia.
Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not a common finding in emphysema. Emphysema primarily affects the respiratory system and does not directly influence heart rate. Bradycardia could be related to other factors but is not a characteristic finding of emphysema.
E. Barrel chest.
Barrel chest is a classic physical finding in clients with emphysema. It results from the hyperinflation of the lungs due to the trapping of air in the damaged alveoli. This gives the chest a rounded appearance, similar to the shape of a barrel.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Dyspnea (shortness of breath) is a common finding in clients with emphysema. Emphysema is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease characterized by the destruction of lung tissue, leading to reduced lung elasticity and airflow limitation, which can result in difficulty breathing.
Choice B rationale:
Clubbing of the fingers is another expected finding in clients with advanced emphysema. Clubbing is the swelling and rounding of the fingertips, often associated with chronic respiratory conditions. It is thought to be a result of chronic hypoxia and inadequate oxygenation.
Choice C rationale:
Deep respirations are not typically associated with emphysema. Clients with emphysema often exhibit shallow, rapid respirations due to the loss of lung tissue elasticity, which impairs the normal respiratory mechanics.
Choice D rationale:
Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not a common finding in emphysema. Emphysema primarily affects the respiratory system and does not directly influence heart rate. Bradycardia could be related to other factors but is not a characteristic finding of emphysema.
Choice E rationale:
Barrel chest is a classic physical finding in clients with emphysema. It results from the hyperinflation of the lungs due to the trapping of air in the damaged alveoli. This gives the chest a rounded appearance, similar to the shape of a barrel.
A Medical-Surgical nurse is preparing to administer Furosemide to a patient who is having severe heart failure. Which route of administration should the nurse use to provide the fastest and most complete absorption of Furosemide?
A. Intramuscular.
Intramuscular administration involves injecting medication into muscle tissue, which may result in slower and variable absorption rates. It is not the optimal route for providing fast and complete absorption of Furosemide.
B. Subcutaneous.
Subcutaneous administration delivers medication into the fatty tissue beneath the skin. While it can be used for some medications, it generally results in slower absorption compared to intravenous administration, and it may not be suitable for Furosemide, which requires rapid action in a severe heart failure situation.
C. Oral.
Oral administration involves taking medication by mouth, and the absorption process can be influenced by factors such as gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit time. In an urgent scenario of severe heart failure, oral administration might be too slow and unpredictable.
D. Intravenous.
Intravenous administration allows for the fastest and most complete absorption of Furosemide. By directly delivering the medication into the bloodstream, it bypasses the absorption barriers of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to rapid onset of action and predictable effects, which is crucial in managing acute heart failure. This route is commonly used in critical situations where immediate therapeutic effects are needed.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Intramuscular administration involves injecting medication into muscle tissue, which may result in slower and variable absorption rates. It is not the optimal route for providing fast and complete absorption of Furosemide.
Choice B rationale:
Subcutaneous administration delivers medication into the fatty tissue beneath the skin. While it can be used for some medications, it generally results in slower absorption compared to intravenous administration, and it may not be suitable for Furosemide, which requires rapid action in a severe heart failure situation.
Choice C rationale:
Oral administration involves taking medication by mouth, and the absorption process can be influenced by factors such as gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit time. In an urgent scenario of severe heart failure, oral administration might be too slow and unpredictable.
Choice D rationale:
Intravenous administration allows for the fastest and most complete absorption of Furosemide. By directly delivering the medication into the bloodstream, it bypasses the absorption barriers of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to rapid onset of action and predictable effects, which is crucial in managing acute heart failure. This route is commonly used in critical situations where immediate therapeutic effects are needed.
While preparing to administer the patient's scheduled medications, the nurse does not understand why the client will be receiving one of the prescribed drugs. What action should the nurse take?
A. Ask the patient why this medication has been ordered.
Asking the patient why this medication has been ordered is not the appropriate action because patients might not have accurate medical knowledge to provide a valid explanation for the prescription. The nurse should rely on healthcare professionals for accurate information.
B. Verify with the hospital administration the reason for the medication.
Verifying with the hospital administration is not necessary in this situation. The decision to prescribe medication is made by the healthcare provider, not the hospital administration.
C. Verify with the prescribing healthcare provider the reason for the medication.
Verifying with the prescribing healthcare provider is the most appropriate action. The healthcare provider has the medical knowledge and rationale for prescribing a specific medication. This ensures that the nurse administers the medication safely and in alignment with the patient's condition and treatment plan.
D. Ask another nurse why the patient is getting this medication.
Asking another nurse might not yield accurate information about the rationale behind the medication order. It's best to directly communicate with the healthcare provider responsible for the patient's care.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Asking the patient why this medication has been ordered is not the appropriate action because patients might not have accurate medical knowledge to provide a valid explanation for the prescription. The nurse should rely on healthcare professionals for accurate information.
Choice B rationale:
Verifying with the hospital administration is not necessary in this situation. The decision to prescribe medication is made by the healthcare provider, not the hospital administration.
Choice C rationale:
Verifying with the prescribing healthcare provider is the most appropriate action. The healthcare provider has the medical knowledge and rationale for prescribing a specific medication. This ensures that the nurse administers the medication safely and in alignment with the patient's condition and treatment plan.
Choice D rationale:
Asking another nurse might not yield accurate information about the rationale behind the medication order. It's best to directly communicate with the healthcare provider responsible for the patient's care.