Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is assisting with teaching a newly licensed nurse about ethical principles.
The nurse should include that working to not cause harm to a client, while trying to achieve the best possible outcome, is an example of which of the following ethical principles?
A. Nonmaleficence.
Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle of doing no harm or preventing harm to a client. It is based on the Hippocratic oath of “primum non nocere” or “first, do no harm”. It means that the nurse should act in the best interest of the client and avoid any actions that could cause injury or suffering.
B. Fidelity.
Fidelity is the ethical principle of being faithful and loyal to a client. It means that the nurse should keep promises, respect confidentiality, and maintain trust.
C. Justice.
Justice is the ethical principle of treating clients fairly and equally. It means that the nurse should distribute resources and services based on the client’s needs and not on personal biases.
D. Autonomy.
Autonomy is the ethical principle of respecting a client’s right to make their own decisions. It means that the nurse should inform the client of their options and support their choices, as long as they do not harm others.
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Full Explanation
Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle of doing no harm or preventing harm to a client. It is based on the Hippocratic oath of “primum non nocere” or “first, do no harm”. It means that the nurse should act in the best interest of the client and avoid any actions that could cause injury or suffering.
Choice B. Fidelity is the ethical principle of being faithful and loyal to a client.
It means that the nurse should keep promises, respect confidentiality, and maintain trust.
Choice C. Justice is the ethical principle of treating clients fairly and equally.
It means that the nurse should distribute resources and services based on the client’s needs and not on personal biases.
Choice D. Autonomy is the ethical principle of respecting a client’s right to make their own decisions.
It means that the nurse should inform the client of their options and support their choices, as long as they do not harm others.
Similar Questions
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of fibromyalgia.
Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Avoid taking antidepressant medications during treatment.
Choice A is wrong because antidepressant medications can help ease the pain and fatigue associated with fibromyalgia. They are often prescribed as part of the treatment plan.
B. Physical manifestations of the disease become progressively worse despite treatment.
Choice B is wrong because physical manifestations of the disease do not become progressively worse despite treatment. Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition, but it does not damage the joints, muscles or organs.
C. Low-impact aerobics can help reduce episodes of pain.
According to Mayo Clinic, physical therapy and exercises can improve strength, flexibility and stamina for people with fibromyalgia.
D. Narcotic analgesia will be used for long-term pain control.
Choice D is wrong because narcotic analgesia will not be used for long-term pain control. Opioid medications can cause significant side effects and dependence and will worsen the pain over time. They are not recommended for fibromyalgia treatment.
Full Explanation
According to Mayo Clinic, physical therapy and exercises can improve strength, flexibility and stamina for people with fibromyalgia.
Low-impact aerobics, such as swimming or biking, are recommended as they are less likely to cause muscle soreness or injury.
Choice A is wrong because antidepressant medications can help ease the pain and fatigue associated with fibromyalgia.
They are often prescribed as part of the treatment plan.
Choice B is wrong because physical manifestations of the disease do not become progressively worse despite treatment.
Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition, but it does not damage the joints, muscles or organs.
Choice D is wrong because narcotic analgesia will not be used for long-term pain control. Opioid medications can cause significant side effects and dependence and will worsen the pain over time.
They are not recommended for fibromyalgia treatment.
A diabetic client presents to the acute care facility for the amputation of two gangrenous digits on her left foot.
Which type of perfusion issue has caused this condition?
A. Arterial insufficiency.
This means that the blood flow to the affected area is reduced due to narrowed or blocked arteries. This can cause tissue death or gangrene. Diabetes can damage the blood vessels and affect blood flow, increasing the risk of gangrene.
B. Stasis.
Stasis is wrong because it refers to a condition where blood pools in the veins of the legs, causing swelling and skin changes. It does not cause gangrene by itself.
C. Venous insufficiency.
Venous insufficiency is wrong because it refers to a condition where the veins in the legs have problems sending blood back to the heart, causing swelling and skin ulcers. It does not cause gangrene by itself.
D. Varicose veins.
Varicoseveins are wrong because they are enlarged veins that may cause pain or discomfort, but do not cause gangrene by themselves.
Full Explanation
damage the blood vessels and affect blood flow, increasing the risk of gangrene. Choice B. Stasis is wrong because it refers to a condition where blood pools in the veins of the legs, causing swelling and skin changes. It does not cause gangrene by itself.
Choice C. Venous insufficiency is wrong because it refers to a condition where the veins in the legs have problems sending blood back to the heart, causing swelling and skin ulcers. It does not cause gangrene by itself.
Choice D. Varicose veins are wrong because they are enlarged veins that may cause pain or discomfort, but do not cause gangrene by themselves.
A nurse is discussing the reporting of elder abuse with a newly licensed nurse.
Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. “Reporting is voluntary for health care workers.”
Choice A is wrong because reporting is not voluntary for health care workers.
B. “If suspicion of abuse exists then reporting is mandatory.”
If suspicion of abuse exists then reporting is mandatory. According to the National Institute on Aging, health care providers play an important role in recognizing and reporting elder abuse. They have a legal and ethical obligation to report any suspected cases of abuse to the appropriate authorities. Reporting is not voluntary for health care workers.
C. “Civil liability can result if the abuse can’t be proven.”
Choice C is wrong because civil liability cannot result if the abuse can’t be proven. Health care providers are protected by immunity laws when they report suspected abuse in good faith.
D. “Evidence of abuse must be collected prior to reporting.”.
Choice D is wrong because evidence of abuse does not need to be collected prior to reporting. Health care providers should report any signs or symptoms of abuse, even if they are not conclusive.
Full Explanation
According to the National Institute on Aging, health care providers play an important role in recognizing and reporting elder abuse. They have a legal and ethical obligation to report any suspected cases of abuse to the appropriate authorities. Reporting is not voluntary for health care workers.
Choice A is wrong because reporting is not voluntary for health care workers. Choice C is wrong because civil liability cannot result if the abuse can’t be proven. Health care providers are protected by immunity laws when they report suspected abuse in good faith.
Choice D is wrong because evidence of abuse does not need to be collected prior to reporting. Health care providers should report any signs or symptoms of abuse, even if they are not conclusive.