Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is caring for a client who has ulcerative colitis and is teaching the client about the common link with Crohn's disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
A. Both require frequent surgery
Choice A reason: Frequent surgery is not a common feature of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. Surgery may be needed to remove damaged parts of the intestine or to repair complications, but it is not a cure and may not prevent recurrence of inflammation.
B. Both are inflammatory bowel diseases
Choice B reason: This is the correct answer. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are both types of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) that cause chronic inflammation and irritation in the digestive tract. They have similar symptoms, such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and blood in the stool. They also have similar risk factors, such as genetic predisposition, immune system dysfunction, and environmental triggers.
C. Both manifest fistula formation
Choice C reason: Fistula formation is not a common feature of ulcerative colitis. A fistula is an abnormal connection between two organs or tissues that normally do not connect. Fistulas can occur in Crohn's disease due to severe inflammation that penetrates the deeper layers of the bowel wall and creates tunnels to other parts of the intestine or to the skin, bladder, or vagina. Fistulas can cause infections, abscesses, and leakage of stool or urine.
D. Both begin in the rectum
Choice D reason: Ulcerative colitis always begins in the rectum, which is the last part of the colon. It may spread to other parts of the colon, but it does not affect the small intestine. Crohn's disease can affect any part of the digestive tract, from the mouth to the anus, but it usually involves the small intestine and the colon. It can affect multiple segments or be continuous. It can also skip areas and leave normal tissue between inflamed areas.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - NY BSN Proctored Exam. Take the full exam now
Similar Questions
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the difference between a plaster cast and a synthetic cast. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. A synthetic cast weighs less.
Choice A reason: This is the correct answer. A synthetic cast is made of fiberglass or plastic materials that are lighter and stronger than plaster. A synthetic cast also allows more air circulation and is more water-resistant than a plaster cast.
B. A synthetic cast immobilizes bone fractures more effectively.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Both plaster and synthetic casts can immobilize bone fractures effectively, depending on the type and location of the fracture. The choice of cast material depends on other factors, such as cost, availability, patient preference, and comfort.
C. Drying time is prolonged with a synthetic cast.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Drying time is shorter with a synthetic cast than with a plaster cast. A synthetic cast can dry in 20 to 30 minutes, while a plaster cast can take several hours to dry completely.
D. A plaster cast requires expensive equipment for application.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect. A plaster cast does not require expensive equipment for application. A plaster cast is made of cotton or synthetic rolls that are soaked in water and wrapped around the affected limb. The plaster hardens as it dries, forming a rigid shell.
A nurse is caring for a client who has an unrepaired femur fracture of the midshaft. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use when performing an assessment of the client's neurovascular status?
A. Measure the circumference of the thigh.
Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Measuring the circumference of the thigh can help detect swelling or compartment syndrome, but it does not assess the neurovascular status of the lower leg. The nurse should measure the circumference of both thighs and compare them for any significant difference.
B. Instruct the client to wiggle his toes.
Choice B reason: This is the correct answer. Instructing the client to wiggle his toes can assess the motor function and sensation of the lower leg. The nurse should observe if the client can move his toes voluntarily and if he feels any pain, numbness, or tingling.
C. Palpate the femoral pulse.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Palpating the femoral pulse can assess the arterial blood supply to the lower leg, but it does not assess the venous return or the nerve function. The nurse should palpate both femoral pulses and compare them for any significant difference in strength or quality.
D. Monitor the client's calf for edema.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Monitoring the client's calf for edema can help detect venous congestion or deep vein thrombosis, but it does not assess the arterial blood supply or the nerve function. The nurse should inspect both calves and compare them for any significant difference in size, color, or temperature.
A nurse is preparing dietary instructions for a client who has episodes of biliary colic from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
A. Include foods high in starch and protein.
Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Foods high in starch and protein are not harmful for a client who has chronic cholecystitis, but they are not beneficial either. Starch and protein do not affect the production or secretion of bile, which is the main cause of biliary colic.
B. Avoid foods high in fat.
Choice B reason: This is the correct answer. Foods high in fat can trigger biliary colic by stimulating the gallbladder to contract and release bile. However, if the gallbladder is inflamed or has stones, this can cause pain and obstruction. Therefore, a client who has chronic cholecystitis should avoid foods high in fat, such as fried foods, faty meats, cheese, buter, cream, and pastries.
C. Avoid foods high in sodium.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Foods high in sodium are not related to biliary colic or chronic cholecystitis. Sodium can affect blood pressure and fluid balance, but it does not affect bile production or secretion.
D. Include foods high in fiber.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Foods high in fiber are beneficial for general health and digestion, but they do not prevent or treat biliary colic or chronic cholecystitis. Fiber can help prevent constipation and lower cholesterol levels, but it does not affect bile production or secretion.