Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following stages of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust.
Trust vs. Mistrust is the first stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development and typically occurs in infancy. It is characterized by the child's development of trust or mistrust based on the caregiver's reliability and care. This stage is not relevant to an adolescent who is rebelling against caregivers and spending more time with friends.
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion.
Identity vs. Role Confusion is the stage of Erikson's theory that corresponds to adolescence. During this stage, adolescents seek to establish a sense of identity and may experiment with different roles and behaviors. They often question who they are and what they want to become. Rebelling against caregivers and seeking independence are common characteristics of this stage.
C. Integrity vs. Despair.
Integrity vs. Despair is the final stage of Erikson's theory and occurs in late adulthood. It involves reflecting on one's life and coming to terms with the choices made. It is not relevant to the situation of an adolescent client.
D. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt.
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt is the stage that typically occurs in early childhood, where children are developing a sense of independence and autonomy. This stage is not relevant to the adolescent client's experience of rebellion and seeking autonomy.
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Full Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Trust vs. Mistrust is the first stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development and typically occurs in infancy. It is characterized by the child's development of trust or mistrust based on the caregiver's reliability and care. This stage is not relevant to an adolescent who is rebelling against caregivers and spending more time with friends.
Choice B rationale:
Identity vs. Role Confusion is the stage of Erikson's theory that corresponds to adolescence. During this stage, adolescents seek to establish a sense of identity and may experiment with different roles and behaviors. They often question who they are and what they want to become. Rebelling against caregivers and seeking independence are common characteristics of this stage.
Choice C rationale:
Integrity vs. Despair is the final stage of Erikson's theory and occurs in late adulthood. It involves reflecting on one's life and coming to terms with the choices made. It is not relevant to the situation of an adolescent client.
Choice D rationale:
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt is the stage that typically occurs in early childhood, where children are developing a sense of independence and autonomy. This stage is not relevant to the adolescent client's experience of rebellion and seeking autonomy.
Similar Questions
A nurse is caring for a client who is at the end of life and is experiencing dyspnea.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Increase the heat in the client's room.
Increasing the heat in the client's room is not the appropriate action for managing dyspnea. Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, is not typically related to room temperature. Other interventions should be prioritized.
B. Perform nasotracheal suctioning for the client.
Performing nasotracheal suctioning for the client is not the initial action to address dyspnea at the end of life. Suctioning is indicated when there is excessive secretions or airway obstruction but should not be the first intervention for dyspnea.
C. Place the head of the client's bed flat.
Placing the head of the client's bed flat is not the best action for a client experiencing dyspnea. Elevating the head of the bed (Fowler's position) is the recommended position to improve lung expansion and reduce dyspnea in clients with breathing difficulties.
D. Administer an opioid narcotic to the client.
Administering an opioid narcotic to the client is the most appropriate action for managing dyspnea at the end of life. Opioid medications, such as morphine, are often used to relieve severe dyspnea in hospice and palliative care settings. These medications can help relax the client and reduce the sensation of breathlessness. .
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Increasing the heat in the client's room is not the appropriate action for managing dyspnea. Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, is not typically related to room temperature. Other interventions should be prioritized.
Choice B rationale:
Performing nasotracheal suctioning for the client is not the initial action to address dyspnea at the end of life. Suctioning is indicated when there is excessive secretions or airway obstruction but should not be the first intervention for dyspnea.
Choice C rationale:
Placing the head of the client's bed flat is not the best action for a client experiencing dyspnea. Elevating the head of the bed (Fowler's position) is the recommended position to improve lung expansion and reduce dyspnea in clients with breathing difficulties.
Choice D rationale:
Administering an opioid narcotic to the client is the most appropriate action for managing dyspnea at the end of life. Opioid medications, such as morphine, are often used to relieve severe dyspnea in hospice and palliative care settings. These medications can help relax the client and reduce the sensation of breathlessness. .
A nurse is teaching a class about physiological changes to hearing in older adult clients.
Which of the following should the nurse include?
A. Decreased thickness of tympanic membranes.
Decreased thickness of tympanic membranes is not a typical physiological change in older adults. Tympanic membranes tend to become thinner and less flexible with age, leading to increased susceptibility to damage, not decreased thickness.
B. Decreased tinnitus.
Decreased tinnitus is not a physiological change related to aging. Tinnitus can occur in individuals of all ages and is often associated with various factors such as exposure to loud noises, ear infections, or underlying medical conditions.
C. Decreased ear wax.
Decreased ear wax is not a typical physiological change in older adults. In fact, older adults may experience increased production of earwax, which can lead to hearing problems if not managed appropriately.
D. Decreased ability to hear high-frequency sounds.
Decreased ability to hear high-frequency sounds is a common physiological change in older adult clients. This change, known as presbycusis, is characterized by a reduced ability to hear high-pitched sounds due to changes in the inner ear, including damage to hair cells and changes in the auditory nerves. Presbycusis is a well-documented and expected age-related change in hearing.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Decreased thickness of tympanic membranes is not a typical physiological change in older adults. Tympanic membranes tend to become thinner and less flexible with age, leading to increased susceptibility to damage, not decreased thickness.
Choice B rationale:
Decreased tinnitus is not a physiological change related to aging. Tinnitus can occur in individuals of all ages and is often associated with various factors such as exposure to loud noises, ear infections, or underlying medical conditions.
Choice C rationale:
Decreased ear wax is not a typical physiological change in older adults. In fact, older adults may experience increased production of earwax, which can lead to hearing problems if not managed appropriately.
Choice D rationale:
Decreased ability to hear high-frequency sounds is a common physiological change in older adult clients. This change, known as presbycusis, is characterized by a reduced ability to hear high-pitched sounds due to changes in the inner ear, including damage to hair cells and changes in the auditory nerves. Presbycusis is a well-documented and expected age-related change in hearing.
A nurse is teaching a class about emotional intelligence.
The nurse should include that which of the following is a component of emotional intelligence?
A. Self-awareness.
Self-awareness is a fundamental component of emotional intelligence. It involves recognizing and understanding one's own emotions, strengths, weaknesses, and values. This self-awareness enables individuals to manage their emotions effectively and develop healthy relationships.
B. Self-esteem.
Self-esteem is related to self-worth and confidence but is not a core component of emotional intelligence. While having healthy self-esteem can contribute to emotional well-being, it is not a direct aspect of emotional intelligence.
C. Role performance.
Role performance is not a primary component of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence focuses on one's ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions in themselves and others, rather than on role-related behaviors.
D. Body image.
Body image is related to self-perception and body confidence but is not a core element of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence primarily deals with emotional awareness and management, social skills, and empathy.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Self-awareness is a fundamental component of emotional intelligence. It involves recognizing and understanding one's own emotions, strengths, weaknesses, and values. This self-awareness enables individuals to manage their emotions effectively and develop healthy relationships.
Choice B rationale:
Self-esteem is related to self-worth and confidence but is not a core component of emotional intelligence. While having healthy self-esteem can contribute to emotional well-being, it is not a direct aspect of emotional intelligence.
Choice C rationale:
Role performance is not a primary component of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence focuses on one's ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions in themselves and others, rather than on role-related behaviors.
Choice D rationale:
Body image is related to self-perception and body confidence but is not a core element of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence primarily deals with emotional awareness and management, social skills, and empathy.