Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is planning care for a school-age child diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which insulin preparations are either rapid or short acting? (Select all that apply.).
A. Novolin N.
Novolin N is an intermediate-acting insulin, not rapid or short acting. It has a slower onset and longer duration of action, making it unsuitable for rapid blood sugar control.
B. Lantus.
Lantus is a long-acting insulin that provides basal insulin coverage and has a relatively steady effect over 24 hours. It is not rapid or short acting and is used to provide a baseline level of insulin, not for immediate blood sugar control.
C. Novolin R.
Novolin R, also known as regular insulin, is a short-acting insulin with an onset of about 30 minutes and a peak effect around 2 to 3 hours. It is often used to cover mealtime blood sugar elevations and is suitable for short-term blood sugar control.
D. NovoLog.
NovoLog is a rapid-acting insulin analog with an onset of about 15 minutes and a peak effect within 1 to 2 hours. It is designed to mimic the body's rapid insulin release after meals, making it effective for controlling postprandial blood sugar levels.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Pediatrics Midterm V1 2023 Test 3 Proctored Exam. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
The correct answers are choices C. Novolin R, and D. NovoLog.
Choice A rationale:
Novolin N is an intermediate-acting insulin, not rapid or short acting. It has a slower onset and longer duration of action, making it unsuitable for rapid blood sugar control.
Choice B rationale:
Lantus is a long-acting insulin that provides basal insulin coverage and has a relatively steady effect over 24 hours. It is not rapid or short acting and is used to provide a baseline level of insulin, not for immediate blood sugar control.
Choice C rationale:
Novolin R, also known as regular insulin, is a short-acting insulin with an onset of about 30 minutes and a peak effect around 2 to 3 hours. It is often used to cover mealtime blood sugar elevations and is suitable for short-term blood sugar control.
Choice D rationale:
NovoLog is a rapid-acting insulin analog with an onset of about 15 minutes and a peak effect within 1 to 2 hours. It is designed to mimic the body's rapid insulin release after meals, making it effective for controlling postprandial blood sugar levels.
Similar Questions
Parents of a 3-year-old child diagnosed with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion. The nurse's reply should be based on what knowledge?
A. The child needs to understand that peers' activities are too strenuous.
While it's important for children with congenital heart disease to understand their limitations, it's not the primary concern in this scenario. Allowing the child to interact and play with peers is essential for their social, emotional, and psychological development.
B. Parents can meet all the child's needs.
While parents play a crucial role in a child's care, completely isolating the child from peers is not ideal. Overprotectiveness can lead to social isolation and hinder the child's ability to develop important social skills.
C. The child needs opportunities to play with peers.
Children with congenital heart disease should be encouraged to engage in age-appropriate physical activities and play with peers. Of course, the level of activity should be discussed with the child's healthcare provider, but limiting the child's interactions could have negative consequences on their overall development and emotional well-being.
D. Constant parental supervision is needed to avoid overexertion.
While supervision is important for any child's safety, constant parental supervision to avoid overexertion might not be necessary or feasible. Educating the child about their limitations and providing opportunities for play while monitoring their comfort level is a more balanced approach.
Full Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. The child needs opportunities to play with peers.
Choice A rationale:
While it's important for children with congenital heart disease to understand their limitations, it's not the primary concern in this scenario. Allowing the child to interact and play with peers is essential for their social, emotional, and psychological development.
Choice B rationale:
While parents play a crucial role in a child's care, completely isolating the child from peers is not ideal. Overprotectiveness can lead to social isolation and hinder the child's ability to develop important social skills.
Choice C rationale:
Children with congenital heart disease should be encouraged to engage in age-appropriate physical activities and play with peers. Of course, the level of activity should be discussed with the child's healthcare provider, but limiting the child's interactions could have negative consequences on their overall development and emotional well-being.
Choice D rationale:
While supervision is important for any child's safety, constant parental supervision to avoid overexertion might not be necessary or feasible. Educating the child about their limitations and providing opportunities for play while monitoring their comfort level is a more balanced approach.
Which vaccine is now recommended for the immunization of all newborns?
A. Hepatitis C vaccine.
The Hepatitis C vaccine is not currently recommended for routine immunization of newborns. Hepatitis C is primarily transmitted through blood-to-blood contact, and the risk of transmission from mother to newborn is relatively low compared to Hepatitis B.
B. Hepatitis A, B, and C vaccines.
While Hepatitis A and B vaccines are important for certain populations, including those at higher risk of infection or complications, they are not routinely recommended for all newborns. Hepatitis B vaccination, however, is recommended to be given to all newborns to prevent vertical transmission from mother to child.
C. Hepatitis B vaccine.
Hepatitis B vaccine is now recommended for the immunization of all newborns. This is because vertical transmission of the Hepatitis B virus from mother to child is a significant route of infection. By vaccinating newborns with the Hepatitis B vaccine, the risk of transmission and subsequent development of chronic Hepatitis B infection can be greatly reduced.
D. Hepatitis A vaccine.
Hepatitis A vaccine is not routinely recommended for all newborns. Hepatitis A is typically spread through ingestion of contaminated food or water, and the risk of vertical transmission from mother to newborn is low compared to Hepatitis B.
Full Explanation
The correct answer is Choice C: Hepatitis B vaccine.
Choice A rationale:
The Hepatitis C vaccine is not currently recommended for routine immunization of newborns. Hepatitis C is primarily transmitted through blood-to-blood contact, and the risk of transmission from mother to newborn is relatively low compared to Hepatitis B.
Choice B rationale:
While Hepatitis A and B vaccines are important for certain populations, including those at higher risk of infection or complications, they are not routinely recommended for all newborns. Hepatitis B vaccination, however, is recommended to be given to all newborns to prevent vertical transmission from mother to child.
Choice C rationale:
Hepatitis B vaccine is now recommended for the immunization of all newborns. This is because vertical transmission of the Hepatitis B virus from mother to child is a significant route of infection. By vaccinating newborns with the Hepatitis B vaccine, the risk of transmission and subsequent development of chronic Hepatitis B infection can be greatly reduced.
Choice D rationale:
Hepatitis A vaccine is not routinely recommended for all newborns. Hepatitis A is typically spread through ingestion of contaminated food or water, and the risk of vertical transmission from mother to newborn is low compared to Hepatitis B.
What is the most appropriate nursing action when a child with a probable intussusception has a normal, brown stool?
A. Take vital signs, including blood pressure.
Taking vital signs, including blood pressure, is important in assessing the overall health status of a child, but it might not provide specific information about a probable intussusception. Blood pressure is not typically affected in a way that directly relates to intussusception.
B. Auscultate for bowel sounds.
Auscultating for bowel sounds is an important assessment technique in various gastrointestinal conditions, but it may not be the most appropriate immediate action when dealing with a probable intussusception. While bowel sounds might be diminished or absent in intussusception, the priority should be on assessing other signs and symptoms.
C. Measure abdominal girth.
Measuring abdominal girth is an essential nursing action when a child with a probable intussusception has a normal, brown stool. Intussusception is the telescoping of one segment of the intestine into another, often leading to bowel obstruction. Abdominal distension or girth measurement can provide valuable information about the progression of the condition and potential obstruction.
D. Notify the practitioner.
Notifying the practitioner is an important step, but it might not be the most immediate action required. Assessing and monitoring the child's condition should be the initial response to gather more information before notifying the practitioner.
Full Explanation
The correct answer is Choice C: Measure abdominal girth.
Choice A rationale:
Taking vital signs, including blood pressure, is important in assessing the overall health status of a child, but it might not provide specific information about a probable intussusception. Blood pressure is not typically affected in a way that directly relates to intussusception.
Choice B rationale:
Auscultating for bowel sounds is an important assessment technique in various gastrointestinal conditions, but it may not be the most appropriate immediate action when dealing with a probable intussusception. While bowel sounds might be diminished or absent in intussusception, the priority should be on assessing other signs and symptoms.
Choice C rationale:
Measuring abdominal girth is an essential nursing action when a child with a probable intussusception has a normal, brown stool. Intussusception is the telescoping of one segment of the intestine into another, often leading to bowel obstruction. Abdominal distension or girth measurement can provide valuable information about the progression of the condition and potential obstruction.
Choice D rationale:
Notifying the practitioner is an important step, but it might not be the most immediate action required. Assessing and monitoring the child's condition should be the initial response to gather more information before notifying the practitioner.