Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is preparing an in-service presentation on medication classifications. Which of the following medications are considered opioid antagonists? (Select All That Apply.)
A. Oxycodone (Oxycontin)
Oxycodone is an opioid agonist, not an antagonist. It is used for pain management.
B. Naproxen (Aleve)
Naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), not an opioid antagonist. It is used to reduce inflammation and pain.
C. Naltrexone (Vivitrol)
Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist that blocks the effects of opioids and is used for treating opioid addiction and alcohol use disorder.
D. Naloxone (Narcan
Naloxone (Narcan) is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid overdose by blocking the effects of opioids on the brain.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Ati nurs 180 pharmacology proctored exam. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A. Oxycodone is an opioid agonist, not an antagonist. It is used for pain management.
B. Naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), not an opioid antagonist. It is used to reduce inflammation and pain.
C. Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist that blocks the effects of opioids and is used for treating opioid addiction and alcohol use disorder.
D. Naloxone (Narcan) is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid overdose by blocking the effects of opioids on the brain.
Similar Questions
A nurse is caring for a client who is newly prescribed with morphine sulfate (Astramorph) for moderate pain. The client is not sure about the possible complications of this medication. Complete the sentence with the appropriate responses. The nurse understands that complications of morphine sulfate (Astramorph) include
Full Explanation
A. Agitation is not a typical complication of morphine sulfate. In fact, morphine and other opioids generally cause sedation rather than agitation. Agitation may occur in rare cases due to discomfort (such as from constipation) or withdrawal symptoms, but it is not a common complication of morphine use.
B. Respiratory depression is a known and serious complication of morphine sulfate and other opioid medications. Opioids can reduce the body's respiratory drive, leading to slower and less effective breathing. This can be life-threatening, especially with higher doses or if combined with other sedative medications.
C. Dilated pupils (mydriasis) are typically not a complication of morphine use. Opioids, including morphine, typically cause constricted pupils (miosis), which is a hallmark sign of opioid use or overdose. Dilated pupils are more commonly associated with stimulant drug use (e.g., cocaine) or certain medical conditions, not opioids like morphine.
D. Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is a known side effect of morphine sulfate and other opioids. Opioids can affect the autonomic nervous system and cause a decrease in heart rate. This is particularly important to monitor for, especially in patients with existing heart conditions or those taking other medications that might also affect heart rate.
E. Diarrhea is generally not a complication of morphine use. Instead, one of the most common side effects of morphine and other opioids is constipation due to their effect on the gastrointestinal system. Opioids slow down the movement of the intestines, which can lead to constipation, but diarrhea is not a typical response.
A nurse is educating a client about interactions with acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin). Which of the following supplements increases the risk of bleeding in clients who are taking NSAIDs? (Select All That Apply.)
A. Ginger
Ginger is known to increase the risk of bleeding when taken with NSAIDs like aspirin because it has anticoagulant properties that can enhance the bleeding effects.
B. Vitamin D
Vitamin D does not have an effect on bleeding and is not associated with an increased risk when taken with NSAIDs.
C. Feverfew
Feverfew also has anticoagulant effects and can increase the risk of bleeding, especially when combined with NSAIDs.
D. Garlic
Garlic has natural blood-thinning properties and can increase the risk of bleeding, particularly when combined with NSAIDs.
Full Explanation
A. Ginger is known to increase the risk of bleeding when taken with NSAIDs like aspirin because it has anticoagulant properties that can enhance the bleeding effects.
B. Vitamin D does not have an effect on bleeding and is not associated with an increased risk when taken with NSAIDs.
C. Feverfew also has anticoagulant effects and can increase the risk of bleeding, especially when combined with NSAIDs.
D. Garlic has natural blood-thinning properties and can increase the risk of bleeding, particularly when combined with NSAIDs.
A client has been newly prescribed with morphine sulfate (Astramorph) for severe acute pain after seeing the physician for a follow-up appointment. However, the nurse noted that the client has a history of biliary colic. What is an alternative to morphine sulfate (Astramorph) for this client?
A. Morphine (MS Contin
Morphine is contraindicated for clients with a history of biliary colic because it can cause spasm of the bile ducts, worsening the condition.
B. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
Acetaminophen is an effective pain reliever for mild to moderate pain but does not provide the same level of pain relief as morphine for severe pain.
C. Meperidine (Demerol)
Meperidine (Demerol) is a safer alternative for clients with biliary colic because it has less effect on the sphincter of Oddi, reducing the risk of spasm.
D. Naloxone (Narcan)
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid toxicity, not for pain management.
Full Explanation
A. Morphine is contraindicated for clients with a history of biliary colic because it can cause spasm of the bile ducts, worsening the condition.
B. Acetaminophen is an effective pain reliever for mild to moderate pain but does not provide the same level of pain relief as morphine for severe pain.
C. Meperidine (Demerol) is a safer alternative for clients with biliary colic because it has less effect on the sphincter of Oddi, reducing the risk of spasm.
D. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid toxicity, not for pain management.