Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is preparing to initiate enteral feedings for a client who has inflammatory bowel disease. The nurse should recognize that which of the following formulas is appropriate for this client?
A. Hydrolyzed
Hydrolyzed formulas are appropriate for clients who have inflammatory bowel disease. Hydrolyzed formulas are composed of partially or fully broken down nutrients that are easier to digest and absorb. They can also reduce inflammation in the intestinal lining, which can help with Crohn's disease symptoms.
B. High-fiber
High-fiber formulas are not recommended for clients who have inflammatory bowel disease, as they may worsen diarrhea, abdominal pain, and intestinal obstruction.
C. Low-protein
Low-protein formulas are also not suitable, as they may lead to protein malnutrition and impaired wound healing.
D. Low-calorie
Low-calorie formulas are not indicated, as they may cause weight loss and increased disease activity.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - ATI RN Nutrition 2019 Proctored Exam. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
Hydrolyzed formulas are appropriate for clients who have inflammatory bowel disease. Hydrolyzed formulas are composed of partially or fully broken down nutrients that are easier to digest and absorb. They can also reduce inflammation in the intestinal lining, which can help with Crohn's disease symptoms.
High-fiber formulas are not recommended for clients who have inflammatory bowel disease, as they may worsen diarrhea, abdominal pain, and intestinal obstruction.
Low-protein formulas are also not suitable, as they may lead to protein malnutrition and impaired wound healing.
Low-calorie formulas are not indicated, as they may cause weight loss and increased disease activity.
Similar Questions
A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory results for effectiveness of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following laboratory values is the best indicator for the nurse to monitor for short-term effectiveness of the TPN?
A. Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin: Hemoglobin is a measure of the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells and is typically used to assess anemia. While hemoglobin can be affected by nutritional status, it is not a specific marker for the short-term effectiveness of TPN.
B. Total albumin
Total albumin: Total albumin is a measure of protein status and can be affected by various factors, including inflammation and liver disease. However, it has a longer half-life and slower response to nutritional changes, so it may not be the best indicator for short-term effectiveness.
C. Transferrin
Transferrin: Transferrin is a protein involved in iron transport and can be used as an indicator of iron status. However, it may not reflect short-term changes in nutritional status and is not specific to TPN effectiveness. Monitoring prealbumin levels can help determine the short-term effectiveness of TPN and guide adjustments to the nutritional plan.
D. Prealbumin
Prealbumin (also known as transthyretin): Prealbumin is a protein synthesized in the liver and has a shorter half-life compared to albumin. It is considered a more sensitive marker for short-term nutritional changes and can reflect the effectiveness of TPN within a few days. Prealbumin levels can indicate the response to nutritional interventions and provide a more immediate assessment of nutritional adequacy.
Full Explanation
Prealbumin (also known as transthyretin): Prealbumin is a protein synthesized in the liver and has a shorter half-life compared to albumin. It is considered a more sensitive marker for
short-term nutritional changes and can reflect the effectiveness of TPN within a few days.
Prealbumin levels can indicate the response to nutritional interventions and provide a more immediate assessment of nutritional adequacy.
Hemoglobin: Hemoglobin is a measure of the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells and is typically used to assess anemia. While hemoglobin can be affected by nutritional status, it is not a specific marker for the short-term effectiveness of TPN.
Total albumin: Total albumin is a measure of protein status and can be affected by various factors, including inflammation and liver disease. However, it has a longer half-life and slower response to nutritional changes, so it may not be the best indicator for short-term effectiveness.
Transferrin: Transferrin is a protein involved in iron transport and can be used as an indicator of iron status. However, it may not reflect short-term changes in nutritional status and is not specific to TPN effectiveness.
Monitoring prealbumin levels can help determine the short-term effectiveness of TPN and guide adjustments to the nutritional plan.
A nurse is providing breakfast for a client who has celiac disease. Which of the following meal items should the nurse select?
A. Rice cereal with sliced bananas
Rice cereal with sliced bananas: This is a suitable choice as long as the rice cereal is gluten-free and there is no cross-contamination with gluten-containing ingredients. Rice is naturally gluten-free, and fresh fruits like bananas are safe for individuals with celiac disease.
B. Rye toast with herbal tea
Rye toast with herbal tea: Rye is a gluten-containing grain, so rye toast is not suitable for someone with celiac disease. Herbal tea is typically gluten-free, but the toast is not appropriate.
C. Poached eggs with wheat bagel
Poached eggs with wheat bagel: Wheat is a gluten-containing grain, so a wheat bagel is not appropriate for someone with celiac disease. It is essential for individuals with celiac disease to carefully read food labels and select gluten-free options.
D. Graham crackers with peanut butter
Graham crackers with peanut butter: Graham crackers are usually made with wheat flour, which contains gluten. Therefore, they are not suitable for someone with celiac disease.
Full Explanation
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the ingestion of gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley, triggers an immune response and causes damage to the small intestine. Therefore, individuals with celiac disease need to follow a strict gluten-free diet.
Rice cereal with sliced bananas: This is a suitable choice as long as the rice cereal is gluten-free and there is no cross-contamination with gluten-containing ingredients. Rice is
naturally gluten-free, and fresh fruits like bananas are safe for individuals with celiac disease.
Rye toast with herbal tea: Rye is a gluten-containing grain, so rye toast is not suitable for someone with celiac disease. Herbal tea is typically gluten-free, but the toast is not appropriate.
Graham crackers with peanut butter: Graham crackers are usually made with wheat flour, which contains gluten. Therefore, they are not suitable for someone with celiac disease.
Poached eggs with wheat bagel: Wheat is a gluten-containing grain, so a wheat bagel is not appropriate for someone with celiac disease.
It is essential for individuals with celiac disease to carefully read food labels and select gluten-free options.
A nurse is evaluating a client's laboratory results. The nurse should recognize that which of the following results places the client at risk for coronary heart disease?
A. HbA1c 5%
HbA1c 5%: HbA1c is a measure of average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. A level of 5% is within the target range for individuals without diabetes and indicates good glycemic control. It does not place the client at risk for CHD.
B. Fasting glucose 140 mg/dL
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart. Several risk factors contribute to the development of CHD, including high blood glucose levels, high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high total cholesterol levels.
C. LDL 64 mg/dL
LDL 64 mg/dL: LDL cholesterol is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol, as elevated levels are associated with an increased risk of CHD. A level of 64 mg/dL is within the desirable range and does not place the client at risk for CHD.
D. Total cholesterol 173 mg/dL
Total cholesterol 173 mg/dL: Total cholesterol levels below 200 mg/dL are generally considered desirable. A level of 173 mg/dL is within the desirable range and does not place the client at risk for CHD.
Full Explanation
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart. Several risk factors contribute to the development of CHD, including high blood glucose levels, high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high total cholesterol levels.
HbA1c 5%: HbA1c is a measure of average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. A level of 5% is within the target range for individuals without diabetes and indicates good glycemic control. It does not place the client at risk for CHD.
Fasting glucose 140 mg/dL: Fasting glucose levels above 126 mg/dL are considered diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus. A level of 140 mg/dL indicates hyperglycemia and suggests impaired glucose metabolism, which is a risk factor for CHD.
LDL 64 mg/dL: LDL cholesterol is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol, as elevated levels are associated with an increased risk of CHD. A level of 64 mg/dL is within the desirable range and does not place the client at risk for CHD.
Total cholesterol 173 mg/dL: Total cholesterol levels below 200 mg/dL are generally considered desirable. A level of 173 mg/dL is within the desirable range and does not place the client at risk for CHD.