Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A person with anemia is prescribed erythropoietin subcutaneously. The nurse knows that erythropoietin:
A. Stimulates bone marrow production of red blood cells.
This helps increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and corrects anemia.
B. Is given to all people with anemia.
Choice B is wrong because erythropoietin is not given to all people with anemia. It is only used for certain types of anemia, such as those caused by chronic kidney disease or chemotherapy.
C. Is given for iron deficiency anemia.
Choice C is wrong because erythropoietin is not given for iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is treated with iron supplements and dietary changes.
D. Stimulates bone marrow production of white blood cells.
Choice D is wrong because erythropoietin does not stimulate bone marrow production of white blood cells. White blood cells are involved in immune responses and are produced by different growth factors.
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Full Explanation
This helps increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and corrects anemia.
Choice B is wrong because erythropoietin is not given to all people with anemia. It is only used for certain types of anemia, such as those caused by chronic kidney disease or chemotherapy.
Choice C is wrong because erythropoietin is not given for iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is treated with iron supplements and dietary changes.
Choice D is wrong because erythropoietin does not stimulate bone marrow production of white blood cells. White blood cells are involved in immune responses and are produced by different growth factors.
Question 22.
Similar Questions
The nurse does not turn a client every two hours as ordered, and the client develops a pressure injury.
What legal concept applies?
A. Breach of duty.
This is because the nurse had a legal obligation to turn the client every two hours as ordered, and by failing to do so, they did not exercise reasonable care that could foreseeably prevent harm to the client. This is an example of negligence, which requires four elements: duty, breach, injury and causation.
B. Criminality.
Choice B is wrong because criminality refers to the violation of criminal laws, such as theft or assault, which are not applicable in this case.
C. Scope of practice.
Choice C is wrong because scope of practice refers to the range of activities that a health care professional is authorized to perform based on their education, training and certification. The nurse’s failure to turn the client does not relate to their scope of practice. Choice D is wrong because false imprisonment refers to the unlawful restraint of a person’s freedom of movement, such as locking them in a room or restraining them against their will. The nurse’s failure to turn the client does not involve any such restraint.
D. False imprisonment.
This is because the nurse had a legal obligation to turn the client every two hours as ordered, and by failing to do so, they did not exercise reasonable care that could foreseeably prevent harm to the client. This is an example of negligence, which requires four elements: duty, breach, injury and causation.
Full Explanation
This is because the nurse had a legal obligation to turn the client every two hours as ordered, and by failing to do so, they did not exercise reasonable care that could foreseeably prevent harm to the client. This is an example of negligence, which requires four elements: duty, breach, injury and causation.
Choice B is wrong because criminality refers to the violation of criminal laws, such as theft or assault, which are not applicable in this case.
Choice C is wrong because scope of practice refers to the range of activities that a health care professional is authorized to perform based on their education, training and certification.
The nurse’s failure to turn the client does not relate to their scope of practice. Choice D is wrong because false imprisonment refers to the unlawful restraint of a person’s freedom of movement, such as locking them in a room or restraining them against their will.
The nurse’s failure to turn the client does not involve any such restraint.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about healthful sleep habits.
Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client needs further instructions?
A. “I watch television until I fall asleep at night.”
Watching television until falling asleep at night is a poor sleep habit because it can interfere with the body’s natural sleep-wake cycle and make it harder to fall asleep and stay asleep. Television can also expose the eyes to bright light and stimulating or stressful content, which can affect the production of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep.
B. “I have a small snack and take a bath before going to bed each day.”
Choice B is wrong because having a small snack and taking a bath before going to bed each day are good sleep habits that can promote relaxation and sleep quality.
C. “I don’t take naps throughout the day.”
Choice C is wrong because not taking naps throughout the day is a good sleep habit that can help maintain a consistent sleep schedule and avoid disrupting the night-time sleep.
D. “I go to bed and get up at the same times each day.”.
Choice D is wrong because going to bed and getting up at the same times each day is a good sleep habit that can reinforce the body’s circadian rhythm and make it easier to fall asleep and wake up.
Full Explanation
Watching television until falling asleep at night is a poor sleep habit because it can interfere with the body’s natural sleep-wake cycle and make it harder to fall asleep and stay asleep. Television can also expose the eyes to bright light and stimulating or stressful content, which can affect the production of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep.
Choice B is wrong because having a small snack and taking a bath before going to bed each day are good sleep habits that can promote relaxation and sleep quality.
Choice C is wrong because not taking naps throughout the day is a good sleep habit that can help maintain a consistent sleep schedule and avoid disrupting the night-time sleep.
Choice D is wrong because going to bed and getting up at the same times each day is a good sleep habit that can reinforce the body’s circadian rhythm and make it easier to fall asleep and wake up.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a cloudy, opaque area over the lens of one eye.
The nurse should identify that this is a manifestation of which of the following visual impairments?
A. Cataracts.
Cataracts are a cloudy, opaque area over the lens of one eye that can impair vision.
B. Diabetic retinopathy.
Choice B is wrong because diabetic retinopathy is a condition that affects the blood vessels of the retina, not the lens. It can cause blurred vision, floaters, or vision loss
C. Glaucoma.
Choice C is wrong because glaucoma is a condition that damages the optic nerve due to high pressure in the eye. It can cause blind spots, halos around lights, or vision loss
D. Macular degeneration.
Choice D is wrong because macular degeneration is a condition that damages the macula, the central part of the retina. It can cause blurred or no vision in the center of the visual field : https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cataracts/ : https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and diseases/diabetic-retinopathy : https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/glaucoma/symptoms causes/syc-20372839 : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macular_degeneration
Full Explanation
The correct answer is choice A. Cataracts are a cloudy, opaque area over the lens of one eye that can impair vision
Choice B is wrong because diabetic retinopathy is a condition that affects the blood vessels of the retina, not the lens. It can cause blurred vision, floaters, or vision loss
Choice C is wrong because glaucoma is a condition that damages the optic nerve due to high pressure in the eye. It can cause blind spots, halos around lights, or vision loss
Choice D is wrong because macular degeneration is a condition that damages the macula, the central part of the retina. It can cause blurred or no vision in the center of the visual field
: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cataracts/
: https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and diseases/diabetic-retinopathy
: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/glaucoma/symptoms causes/syc-20372839
: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macular_degeneration