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NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
Mechanical breakdown of food begins with: (Select all that apply)
A. Gallbladder
Gallbladder: The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile and does not perform mechanical breakdown of food -not a mechanical breakdown structure.
B. Tongue
Tongue: The tongue manipulates and positions food for chewing and helps form the bolus (mechanical processing) -contributes to mechanical breakdown (correct).
C. Teeth
Teeth: Teeth chew and physically break food into smaller pieces (mastication), which is the primary start of mechanical digestion -directly responsible for mechanical breakdown (correct).
D. Stomach
Stomach: The stomach performs mechanical churning and mixing of food (mechanical digestion) but it is not the beginning of mechanical breakdown -chewing in the mouth begins it.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II PROCTORED EXAM (ARIZONA COLLEGE). Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A. Gallbladder: The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile and does not perform mechanical breakdown of food -not a mechanical breakdown structure.
B. Tongue: The tongue manipulates and positions food for chewing and helps form the bolus (mechanical processing) -contributes to mechanical breakdown (correct).
C. Teeth: Teeth chew and physically break food into smaller pieces (mastication), which is the primary start of mechanical digestion -directly responsible for mechanical breakdown (correct).
D. Stomach: The stomach performs mechanical churning and mixing of food (mechanical digestion) but it is not the beginning of mechanical breakdown -chewing in the mouth begins it.
Similar Questions
Fill in the Blank
The process of
Full Explanation
A. Oogenesis: Produces 1 mature ovum. During oogenesis the unequal cytokinesis of meiotic divisions creates one large functional ovum and smaller polar bodies.
B. Meiosis: Meiosis is the cell-division mechanism that reduces chromosome number. In spermatogenesis meiosis yields 4 functional sperm, but in oogenesis meiosis (with unequal cytokinesis) yields 1 functional ovum plus polar bodies.
C. Spermatogenesis: Spermatogenesis produces 4 mature sperm from one spermatogonial cell (not ova) -it does not produce mature ova.
The gastric cells that secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor are the
A. Chief cells
Chief cells: Chief (zymogenic) cells secrete pepsinogen (precursor to pepsin) and some gastric lipase -not HCl or intrinsic factor.
B. Parietal cells
Parietal cells: Parietal cells (oxyntic cells) secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor (necessary for B12 absorption).
C. Mucous neck cells
Mucous neck cells: Mucous neck cells produce mucus (and some protective secretions) to protect the stomach lining -not HCl/intrinsic factor.
D. Enteroendocrine cells
Enteroendocrine cells: Enteroendocrine cells release hormones (e.g., gastrin, somatostatin) that regulate digestion -do not secrete HCl or intrinsic factor directly.
Full Explanation
A. Chief cells: Chief (zymogenic) cells secrete pepsinogen (precursor to pepsin) and some gastric lipase -not HCl or intrinsic factor.
B. Parietal cells: Parietal cells (oxyntic cells) secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor (necessary for B12 absorption).
C. Mucous neck cells: Mucous neck cells produce mucus (and some protective secretions) to protect the stomach lining -not HCl/intrinsic factor.
D. Enteroendocrine cells: Enteroendocrine cells release hormones (e.g., gastrin, somatostatin) that regulate digestion -do not secrete HCl or intrinsic factor directly.
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is responsible for triggering ovulation in females. What is its primary role in males?
A. Stimulation of hair follicles
Stimulation of hair follicles: Hair follicle activity is influenced by androgens (testosterone), but LH does not directly stimulate hair follicles -not LH’s primary role.
B. Regulating gamete production and maturation
Regulating gamete production and maturation: FSH primarily stimulates Sertoli cells and spermatogenesis; LH contributes indirectly via testosterone but LH itself mainly stimulates hormone production -part of the broader regulation but not the primary direct role.
C. Stimulating estrogen production
Stimulating estrogen production: LH does not primarily stimulate estrogen production in males; estrogen in males arises by aromatization of androgens and is not LH’s main target.
D. Stimulating testosterone production
Stimulating testosterone production: LH acts on Leydig cells in the testes to stimulate testosterone synthesis, which is LH’s primary role in males.
Full Explanation
A. Stimulation of hair follicles: Hair follicle activity is influenced by androgens (testosterone), but LH does not directly stimulate hair follicles -not LH’s primary role.
B. Regulating gamete production and maturation: FSH primarily stimulates Sertoli cells and spermatogenesis; LH contributes indirectly via testosterone but LH itself mainly stimulates hormone production -part of the broader regulation but not the primary direct role.
C. Stimulating estrogen production: LH does not primarily stimulate estrogen production in males; estrogen in males arises by aromatization of androgens and is not LH’s main target.
D. Stimulating testosterone production: LH acts on Leydig cells in the testes to stimulate testosterone synthesis, which is LH’s primary role in males.