Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
Slow oxidative fibers are suited for endurance-type activities.
A. True
B. False
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Anatomy and physiology proctored exam. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Slow oxidative fibers are rich in mitochondria, myoglobin, and capillaries, making them highly efficient at aerobic metabolism. They contract slowly but are highly resistant to fatigue, making them ideal for prolonged activities like marathon running or maintaining posture.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Fast glycolytic fibers are suited for short bursts of power, not endurance. Slow oxidative fibers are specifically adapted for sustained, low-intensity activity.
Similar Questions
Muscle can transform ______ into mechanical energy.
A. ATP
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy currency of the cell. Muscle cells use ATP to power the contraction process, converting chemical energy into mechanical energy through the interaction of actin and myosin filaments.
B. Kinetic energy
Kinetic energy is the result of movement, not the source of energy for muscle contraction. Muscles generate kinetic energy, but they do not transform it into mechanical energy.
C. Potential energy
Potential energy refers to stored energy, such as in a stretched elastic band. While muscles can store potential energy in elastic components, the transformation into mechanical energy is driven by ATP.
D. DNA
DNA carries genetic information and plays no direct role in energy transformation during muscle contraction.
E. Myoglobin
Myoglobin stores oxygen in muscle cells but does not provide energy. It supports aerobic metabolism, which ultimately produces ATP, the actual energy source.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy currency of the cell. Muscle cells use ATP to power the contraction process, converting chemical energy into mechanical energy through the interaction of actin and myosin filaments.
Choice B reason: Kinetic energy is the result of movement, not the source of energy for muscle contraction. Muscles generate kinetic energy, but they do not transform it into mechanical energy.
Choice C reason: Potential energy refers to stored energy, such as in a stretched elastic band. While muscles can store potential energy in elastic components, the transformation into mechanical energy is driven by ATP.
Choice D reason: DNA carries genetic information and plays no direct role in energy transformation during muscle contraction.
Choice E reason: Myoglobin stores oxygen in muscle cells but does not provide energy. It supports aerobic metabolism, which ultimately produces ATP, the actual energy source.
Which of the following movements does NOT increase or decrease the angle between bones?
A. Abduction
Abduction is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body, which increases the angle between the limb and the trunk.
B. Flexion
Flexion decreases the angle between two bones, such as bending the elbow or knee.
C. Rotation
Rotation involves turning a bone around its longitudinal axis, such as turning the head side to side. It does not change the angle between bones, making it the correct answer.
D. Adduction
Adduction is the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body, decreasing the angle between the limb and the trunk.
E. Circumduction
Circumduction is a circular movement that combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction. It involves changes in angles between bones throughout the motion.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Abduction is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body, which increases the angle between the limb and the trunk.
Choice B reason: Flexion decreases the angle between two bones, such as bending the elbow or knee.
Choice C reason: Rotation involves turning a bone around its longitudinal axis, such as turning the head side to side. It does not change the angle between bones, making it the correct answer.
Choice D reason: Adduction is the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body, decreasing the angle between the limb and the trunk.
Choice E reason: Circumduction is a circular movement that combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction. It involves changes in angles between bones throughout the motion.
In an isotonic contraction, the muscle:
A. rapidly resynthesizes creatine phosphate and ATP
This choice confuses metabolic processes with mechanical muscle activity. While creatine phosphate and ATP are essential for muscle contraction, their resynthesis is not specific to isotonic contraction. These energy molecules are replenished during recovery phases and are not the defining feature of isotonic contractions.
B. maintains the same length while generating tension
This describes isometric contraction, not isotonic. In isometric contractions, the muscle generates force without changing its length—such as holding a plank position. Isotonic contractions, by contrast, involve a change in muscle length.
C. changes length while maintaining constant tension
This is the correct answer. Isotonic contractions involve the muscle changing length while maintaining constant tension. There are two types: concentric (muscle shortens) and eccentric (muscle lengthens). These contractions are typical in dynamic movements like lifting or lowering weights.
D. remains relaxed and passive during movement
This is incorrect. Muscles do not remain relaxed during isotonic contractions. Instead, they actively contract and generate force to produce movement. Passive relaxation does not contribute to the mechanics of isotonic contraction.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: This choice confuses metabolic processes with mechanical muscle activity. While creatine phosphate and ATP are essential for muscle contraction, their resynthesis is not specific to isotonic contraction. These energy molecules are replenished during recovery phases and are not the defining feature of isotonic contractions.
Choice B reason: This describes isometric contraction, not isotonic. In isometric contractions, the muscle generates force without changing its length—such as holding a plank position. Isotonic contractions, by contrast, involve a change in muscle length.
Choice C reason: This is the correct answer. Isotonic contractions involve the muscle changing length while maintaining constant tension. There are two types: concentric (muscle shortens) and eccentric (muscle lengthens). These contractions are typical in dynamic movements like lifting or lowering weights.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Muscles do not remain relaxed during isotonic contractions. Instead, they actively contract and generate force to produce movement. Passive relaxation does not contribute to the mechanics of isotonic contraction.