Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
The cartilage rings of the trachea (C rings) perform which vital function?
A. Produce surfactant for the alveoli
Produce surfactant for the alveoli: Surfactant is produced by type II pneumocytes in the alveoli, not by tracheal cartilage.
B. Move mucus towards the alveoli using their cilia
Move mucus towards the alveoli using their cilia: Mucus is moved by ciliated epithelium (mucociliary escalator), not by cartilage rings.
C. Perform external respiration between air and blood
Perform external respiration between air and blood: Gas exchange (external respiration) occurs in alveoli, not at the trachea.
D. Allow the trachea to always remain open for passage of air
Allow the trachea to always remain open for passage of air: The C-shaped cartilage rings provide rigid structural support and prevent tracheal collapse while allowing the posterior tracheal wall to flex -this maintains an open airway.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II PROCTORED EXAM (ARIZONA COLLEGE). Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A. Produce surfactant for the alveoli: Surfactant is produced by type II pneumocytes in the alveoli, not by tracheal cartilage.
B. Move mucus towards the alveoli using their cilia: Mucus is moved by ciliated epithelium (mucociliary escalator), not by cartilage rings.
C. Perform external respiration between air and blood: Gas exchange (external respiration) occurs in alveoli, not at the trachea.
D. Allow the trachea to always remain open for passage of air: The C-shaped cartilage rings provide rigid structural support and prevent tracheal collapse while allowing the posterior tracheal wall to flex -this maintains an open airway.
Similar Questions
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is responsible for triggering ovulation in females. What is its primary role in males?
A. Stimulation of hair follicles
Stimulation of hair follicles: Hair follicle activity is influenced by androgens (testosterone), but LH does not directly stimulate hair follicles -not LH’s primary role.
B. Regulating gamete production and maturation
Regulating gamete production and maturation: FSH primarily stimulates Sertoli cells and spermatogenesis; LH contributes indirectly via testosterone but LH itself mainly stimulates hormone production -part of the broader regulation but not the primary direct role.
C. Stimulating estrogen production
Stimulating estrogen production: LH does not primarily stimulate estrogen production in males; estrogen in males arises by aromatization of androgens and is not LH’s main target.
D. Stimulating testosterone production
Stimulating testosterone production: LH acts on Leydig cells in the testes to stimulate testosterone synthesis, which is LH’s primary role in males.
Full Explanation
A. Stimulation of hair follicles: Hair follicle activity is influenced by androgens (testosterone), but LH does not directly stimulate hair follicles -not LH’s primary role.
B. Regulating gamete production and maturation: FSH primarily stimulates Sertoli cells and spermatogenesis; LH contributes indirectly via testosterone but LH itself mainly stimulates hormone production -part of the broader regulation but not the primary direct role.
C. Stimulating estrogen production: LH does not primarily stimulate estrogen production in males; estrogen in males arises by aromatization of androgens and is not LH’s main target.
D. Stimulating testosterone production: LH acts on Leydig cells in the testes to stimulate testosterone synthesis, which is LH’s primary role in males.
The gastric cells that secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor are the
A. Chief cells
Chief cells: Chief (zymogenic) cells secrete pepsinogen (precursor to pepsin) and some gastric lipase -not HCl or intrinsic factor.
B. Parietal cells
Parietal cells: Parietal cells (oxyntic cells) secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor (necessary for B12 absorption).
C. Mucous neck cells
Mucous neck cells: Mucous neck cells produce mucus (and some protective secretions) to protect the stomach lining -not HCl/intrinsic factor.
D. Enteroendocrine cells
Enteroendocrine cells: Enteroendocrine cells release hormones (e.g., gastrin, somatostatin) that regulate digestion -do not secrete HCl or intrinsic factor directly.
Full Explanation
A. Chief cells: Chief (zymogenic) cells secrete pepsinogen (precursor to pepsin) and some gastric lipase -not HCl or intrinsic factor.
B. Parietal cells: Parietal cells (oxyntic cells) secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor (necessary for B12 absorption).
C. Mucous neck cells: Mucous neck cells produce mucus (and some protective secretions) to protect the stomach lining -not HCl/intrinsic factor.
D. Enteroendocrine cells: Enteroendocrine cells release hormones (e.g., gastrin, somatostatin) that regulate digestion -do not secrete HCl or intrinsic factor directly.
Fill in the Blank
The process of
Full Explanation
A. Oogenesis: Produces 1 mature ovum. During oogenesis the unequal cytokinesis of meiotic divisions creates one large functional ovum and smaller polar bodies.
B. Meiosis: Meiosis is the cell-division mechanism that reduces chromosome number. In spermatogenesis meiosis yields 4 functional sperm, but in oogenesis meiosis (with unequal cytokinesis) yields 1 functional ovum plus polar bodies.
C. Spermatogenesis: Spermatogenesis produces 4 mature sperm from one spermatogonial cell (not ova) -it does not produce mature ova.