Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
The enzyme(s) called ____________ break(s) down the substrate called_________________.
A. lactose; lactase
Lactose; lactase: Lactase is the enzyme that breaks down lactose, not the other way around.
B. lipases; micelles
Lipases; micelles: Lipases break down lipids (fats) into fatty acids and glycerol, not micelles. Micelles are formed as part of the digestion process but are not the substrate for lipases.
C. peptidases; proteins
Peptidases; proteins: Peptidases (or proteases) break down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. This is the correct answer.
D. lactase; glucose
Lactase; glucose: Lactase breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose, not just glucose.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Anatomy and physiology proctored exam ( hellen fluid college). Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A. Lactose; lactase: Lactase is the enzyme that breaks down lactose, not the other way around.
B. Lipases; micelles: Lipases break down lipids (fats) into fatty acids and glycerol, not micelles. Micelles are formed as part of the digestion process but are not the substrate for lipases.
C. Peptidases; proteins: Peptidases (or proteases) break down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids. This is the correct answer.
D. Lactase; glucose: Lactase breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose, not just glucose.
Similar Questions
. A by-product of protein catabolism is called__________.
A. azotemia
Azotemia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of nitrogenous waste products in the blood, not a direct by-product of protein catabolism.
B. creatinine
Creatinine is a by-product of muscle metabolism, not directly from protein catabolism.
C. uric acid
Uric acid is a by-product of nucleic acid metabolism, not protein catabolism.
D. urea
Urea is a primary by-product of protein catabolism, formed in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. This is the correct answer.
Full Explanation
A. Azotemia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of nitrogenous waste products in the blood, not a direct by-product of protein catabolism.
B. Creatinine is a by-product of muscle metabolism, not directly from protein catabolism.
C. Uric acid is a by-product of nucleic acid metabolism, not protein catabolism.
D. Urea is a primary by-product of protein catabolism, formed in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. This is the correct answer.
During birth, an infant is normally stimulated to breathe by_________________.
A. surfactant
Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli, aiding in lung expansion, but it does not directly stimulate breathing.
B. CO2 accumulating in the infant's blood
CO2 accumulating in the infant's blood: The accumulation of CO2 in the infant's blood is a significant stimulus for the first breath after birth. High levels of CO2 trigger the infant's respiratory centers to start breathing.
C. prostaglandins
Prostaglandins are involved in labor and delivery but do not directly stimulate breathing in the newborn.
D. an increased O2 level in the infant's new environment
An increased O2 level in the infant's new environment: Increased O2 levels do not directly stimulate breathing; rather, the accumulation of CO2 is the primary stimulus.
Full Explanation
A. Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli, aiding in lung expansion, but it does not directly stimulate breathing.
B. CO2 accumulating in the infant's blood: The accumulation of CO2 in the infant's blood is a significant stimulus for the first breath after birth. High levels of CO2 trigger the infant's respiratory centers to start breathing.
C. Prostaglandins are involved in labor and delivery but do not directly stimulate breathing in the newborn.
D. An increased O2 level in the infant's new environment: Increased O2 levels do not directly stimulate breathing; rather, the accumulation of CO2 is the primary stimulus.
Blood plasma osmolarity is higher than intracellular fluid osmolarity.
A. false
B. true
Full Explanation
Blood plasma osmolarity is generally higher than intracellular fluid osmolarity because plasma contains higher concentrations of sodium and other solutes compared to intracellular fluid, which is more potassium-rich.