Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
The nurse is assessing a patient being cared for at the end of life. Which of the following respiratory patterns would be expected?
A. Bradypnea.
B. Hyperpnea.
C. Kussmal’s Respirations.
D. Cheyne-Stokes Respirations.
Cheyne-Stokes respirations, a pattern of breathing characterized by a gradual increase in depth and sometimes in rate to a maximum depth, followed by a decrease resulting in apnea, are commonly observed in patients nearing the end of life.
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Full Explanation
Choice D rationale
Cheyne-Stokes respirations, a pattern of breathing characterized by a gradual increase in depth and sometimes in rate to a maximum depth, followed by a decrease resulting in apnea, are commonly observed in patients nearing the end of life.
Similar Questions
The nurse is working at a clinic that assists minority patients.
The nurse notes that the physician refuses to use a translator and gives the patients materials only in English. The nurse notes that the physician is guilty of which of the following?
A. Discrimination.
Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex. In this case, the physician is refusing to use a translator and only provides materials in English to patients who may not understand the language. This action can be seen as discriminatory because it denies these patients the same level of care that English-speaking patients receive.
B. Ethnocentrism.
Ethnocentrism is the belief in the inherent superiority of one’s own ethnic group or culture. While the physician’s actions may seem ethnocentric, as they are not considering the cultural needs of their patients, the scenario does not provide enough information to definitively label the behavior as such.
C. Stereotyping.
Stereotyping involves generalized and oversimplified beliefs about a particular group. The physician’s actions do not necessarily indicate that they are stereotyping their patients, but rather that they are not providing equitable care.
D. Acculturation.
Acculturation is the process of adopting the cultural traits or social patterns of another group. The physician’s actions do not demonstrate acculturation. Instead, they show a lack of willingness to accommodate the cultural and linguistic needs of their patients.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale
Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex. In this case, the physician is refusing to use a translator and only provides materials in English to patients who may not understand the language. This action can be seen as discriminatory because it denies these patients the same level of care that English-speaking patients receive.
Choice B rationale
Ethnocentrism is the belief in the inherent superiority of one’s own ethnic group or culture. While the physician’s actions may seem ethnocentric, as they are not considering the cultural needs of their patients, the scenario does not provide enough information to definitively label the behavior as such.
Choice C rationale
Stereotyping involves generalized and oversimplified beliefs about a particular group. The physician’s actions do not necessarily indicate that they are stereotyping their patients, but rather that they are not providing equitable care.
Choice D rationale
Acculturation is the process of adopting the cultural traits or social patterns of another group. The physician’s actions do not demonstrate acculturation. Instead, they show a lack of willingness to accommodate the cultural and linguistic needs of their patients.
Prescription Order: 1g in 50 mL to infuse over 30 minutes; gtt factor= 15gtts/1mL. How many drops per minute will you infuse?
Full Explanation
Step 1: Convert the total volume to be infused from grams to milliliters. Since 1 gram is equivalent to 1,000 milligrams (mg), then 1 gram is equal to 1,000 mg. Therefore, 1g in 50 mL is equivalent to 1,000 mg in 50 mL.
Step 2: Determine the total infusion time in minutes. Since the order is to infuse over 30 minutes, the total infusion time is 30 minutes.
Step 3: Calculate the rate of infusion in milliliters per minute (mL/min). This is done by dividing the total volume in milliliters by the total time in minutes. So, (50 mL ÷ 30 min) equals approximately 1.67 mL/min.
Step 4: Calculate the number of drops per minute. This is done by multiplying the rate of infusion in mL/min by the drop factor in drops/mL. So, (1.67 mL/min × 15 gtt/mL) equals approximately 25 drops per minute. Therefore, you will infuse approximately 25 drops per minute.
When caring for the patient with left sided heart failure, which of the following are subjective symptoms?
A. Patient verbalizes frequent fatigue.
Fatigue is a subjective symptom because it is experienced and reported by the patient. Patients with left-sided heart failure often experience fatigue due to the heart’s inability to pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s needs.
B. Elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.
Elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is an objective symptom that can be measured and observed by healthcare professionals. It is not something that a patient can directly experience or report.
C. Orthopnea.
Orthopnea, or difficulty breathing when lying flat, is a subjective symptom as it is based on the patient’s personal experience. However, it is not the best answer in this case because the question asks for the “subjective symptoms,” and fatigue is a more common subjective symptom of left-sided heart failure.
D. Cyanosis.
Cyanosis, or bluish discoloration of the skin due to poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood, is an objective symptom that can be observed by healthcare professionals. It is not something that a patient can directly experience or report.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale
Fatigue is a subjective symptom because it is experienced and reported by the patient. Patients with left-sided heart failure often experience fatigue due to the heart’s inability to pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s needs.
Choice B rationale
Elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is an objective symptom that can be measured and observed by healthcare professionals. It is not something that a patient can directly experience or report.
Choice C rationale
Orthopnea, or difficulty breathing when lying flat, is a subjective symptom as it is based on the patient’s personal experience. However, it is not the best answer in this case because the question asks for the “subjective symptoms,” and fatigue is a more common subjective symptom of left-sided heart failure.
Choice D rationale
Cyanosis, or bluish discoloration of the skin due to poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood, is an objective symptom that can be observed by healthcare professionals. It is not something that a patient can directly experience or report.