Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
Which of the following is not a function of gastric hydrochloric acid (HCI)?
A. Destroy ingested pathogens
Destroy ingested pathogens: HCl in the stomach helps destroy ingested pathogens, providing a first line of defense against infections. Therefore, this is a correct function of HCl.
B. Convert Fe3+ to Fe2+
Convert Fe3+ to Fe2+: HCl aids in the conversion of iron from its ferric (Fe3+) to ferrous (Fe2+) form, which is more easily absorbed in the intestine. Therefore, this is a correct function of HCl.
C. Emulsify lipids
Emulsify lipids: Emulsification of lipids is the function of bile, not hydrochloric acid. HCl does not emulsify lipids. This is the correct answer.
D. Activate pepsinogen to pepsin
Activate pepsinogen to pepsin: HCl activates pepsinogen, converting it to the active enzyme pepsin, which is essential for protein digestion in the stomach. Therefore, this is a correct function of HCl.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Anatomy and physiology proctored exam ( hellen fluid college). Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A. Destroy ingested pathogens: HCl in the stomach helps destroy ingested pathogens, providing a first line of defense against infections. Therefore, this is a correct function of HCl.
B. Convert Fe3+ to Fe2+: HCl aids in the conversion of iron from its ferric (Fe3+) to ferrous (Fe2+) form, which is more easily absorbed in the intestine. Therefore, this is a correct function of HCl.
C. Emulsify lipids: Emulsification of lipids is the function of bile, not hydrochloric acid. HCl does not emulsify lipids. This is the correct answer.
D. Activate pepsinogen to pepsin: HCl activates pepsinogen, converting it to the active enzyme pepsin, which is essential for protein digestion in the stomach. Therefore, this is a correct function of HCl.
Similar Questions
Where does HDL in the body come from?
A. The small intestine
The small intestine absorbs lipids but does not produce HDL (high-density lipoprotein).
B. The pancreas
The pancreas produces enzymes and hormones, but it does not produce HDL.
C. The liver
The liver is the primary organ responsible for the synthesis of HDL. HDL is involved in reverse cholesterol transport, carrying cholesterol from tissues back to the liver.
D. The gallbladder
The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile but does not produce HDL.
Full Explanation
A. The small intestine absorbs lipids but does not produce HDL (high-density lipoprotein).
B. The pancreas produces enzymes and hormones, but it does not produce HDL.
C. The liver is the primary organ responsible for the synthesis of HDL. HDL is involved in reverse cholesterol transport, carrying cholesterol from tissues back to the liver.
D. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile but does not produce HDL.
Hydrochloric acid (HCI) is secreted from?
A. chief
Chief cells secrete pepsinogen, not HCl.
B. parietal
Parietal cells in the stomach lining are responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid (HCl). This acid is crucial for digestion and killing pathogens.
C. mucous
Mucous cells secrete mucus, which protects the stomach lining from the acidic environment. They do not secrete HCl.
D. regenerative (stem)
Regenerative (stem) cells are involved in the renewal of the stomach lining, but they do not secrete HCl.
Full Explanation
A. Chief cells secrete pepsinogen, not HCl.
B. Parietal cells in the stomach lining are responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid (HCl). This acid is crucial for digestion and killing pathogens.
C. Mucous cells secrete mucus, which protects the stomach lining from the acidic environment. They do not secrete HCl.
D. Regenerative (stem) cells are involved in the renewal of the stomach lining, but they do not secrete HCl.
The liver is the body's largest gland.
A. false
B. true
Full Explanation
The liver is indeed the largest gland in the human body, weighing about 1.5 kilograms in an average adult. It performs numerous vital functions, including detoxification, protein synthesis, and the production of biochemicals necessary for digestion (e.g., bile).