Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
Which of the following is not a function of the liver?
A. Maintaining blood glucose concentration
Maintaining blood glucose concentration: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver stores glycogen and performs gluconeogenesis to regulate blood glucose.
B. Secretion of bile
Secretion of bile: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver synthesizes and secretes bile.
C. Formation of urea
Formation of urea: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver converts ammonia to urea (urea cycle).
D. Secretion of insulin
Secretion of insulin: insulin is produced and secreted by the pancreatic β-cells, not the liver, so this is not a liver function.
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Full Explanation
A. Maintaining blood glucose concentration: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver stores glycogen and performs gluconeogenesis to regulate blood glucose.
B. Secretion of bile: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver synthesizes and secretes bile.
C. Formation of urea: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver converts ammonia to urea (urea cycle).
D. Secretion of insulin: insulin is produced and secreted by the pancreatic β-cells, not the liver, so this is not a liver function.
Similar Questions
If you take a piece of white bread and chew it slowly for a long period of time, the flavor will become very sweet. This is due to the starch molecules in the bread being digested into smaller sugars that trigger a sweet sensation. Which substance is responsible for this breakdown?
A. Pepsin
Pepsin: pepsin is a stomach protease that digests proteins, not starch.
B. Mucus
Mucus: mucus lubricates and protects tissues but does not chemically digest starch.
C. Salivary amylase
Salivary amylase: salivary amylase (ptyalin) begins starch digestion in the mouth, producing maltose/oligosaccharides that taste sweet.
D. Bicarbonate ions
Bicarbonate ions: bicarbonate neutralizes acid but does not break down starch.
Full Explanation
A. Pepsin: pepsin is a stomach protease that digests proteins, not starch.
B. Mucus: mucus lubricates and protects tissues but does not chemically digest starch.
C. Salivary amylase: salivary amylase (ptyalin) begins starch digestion in the mouth, producing maltose/oligosaccharides that taste sweet.
D. Bicarbonate ions: bicarbonate neutralizes acid but does not break down starch.
The salivary glands secrete the enzyme
Full Explanation
A. lipase; lipids: lingual lipase (from tongue) begins lipid digestion, but major salivary secretion is amylase, not lipase.
B. amylase; carbohydrates: salivary (ptyalin) amylase begins digestion of starches (carbohydrates) into smaller sugars.
C. pepsin; proteins: pepsin is secreted as pepsinogen by the stomach, not salivary glands.
D. sucrase; sucrose: sucrase is a brush-border (intestinal) enzyme, not a major salivary gland secretion.
Where are sensory signals from the stomach and small intestine sent to trigger a vomiting reflex?
A. Cerebrum
Cerebrum: the cerebrum is involved in conscious processing; vomiting reflex is coordinated by brainstem centers.
B. Esophagus
Esophagus: the esophagus is a peripheral organ and a route for vomitus, not the control center for the reflex.
C. Pharynx
Pharynx: the pharynx is an anatomical structure involved in expulsion but not the central integrative center for vomiting.
D. Medulla oblongata
Medulla oblongata: the medulla oblongata (brainstem vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone nearby) integrates visceral sensory input and coordinates the vomiting reflex.
Full Explanation
A. Cerebrum: the cerebrum is involved in conscious processing; vomiting reflex is coordinated by brainstem centers.
B. Esophagus: the esophagus is a peripheral organ and a route for vomitus, not the control center for the reflex.
C. Pharynx: the pharynx is an anatomical structure involved in expulsion but not the central integrative center for vomiting.
D. Medulla oblongata: the medulla oblongata (brainstem vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone nearby) integrates visceral sensory input and coordinates the vomiting reflex.