Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A 45-year-old man on the neurology floor can understand instructions but is unable to express himself through talking. Which lobe of the brain controls the expression of speech?
A. Frontal lobe
The frontal lobe, specifically Broca's area located in the dominant hemisphere, is responsible for expressive speech. Damage to this area can result in expressive aphasia or difficulty expressing speech.
B. Occipital lobe
The occipital lobe primarily processes visual information.
C. Temporal lobe
The temporal lobe is involved in auditory processing and language comprehension.
D. Parietal lobe
The parietal lobe is involved in spatial perception, attention, and sensory information processing.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Interprofessional Care of the Client and Family Across the Lifespan II Proctored Exam. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale: The frontal lobe, specifically Broca's area located in the dominant hemisphere, is responsible for expressive speech. Damage to this area can result in expressive aphasia or difficulty expressing speech.
Choice B rationale: The occipital lobe primarily processes visual information.
Choice C rationale: The temporal lobe is involved in auditory processing and language comprehension.
Choice D rationale: The parietal lobe is involved in spatial perception, attention, and sensory information processing.
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Similar Questions
A 49-year-old man who has type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, and gastroesophageal reflux tells the nurse that he has had recent difficulty in achieving an erection.
Which of the following drugs from his current medications list may cause erectile dysfunction (ED)?
A. Propranolol (Inderal)
Propranolol, a beta-blocker used for high blood pressure and other cardiovascular conditions, is known to have potential side effects of sexual dysfunction, including erectile dysfunction (ED).
B. Ranitidine (Zantac)
Ranitidine (Zantac) is an H2 blocker used for acid reflux and isn't typically associated with causing ED.
C. Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Atorvastatin (Lipitor), a statin used for high cholesterol, isn't commonly associated with causing ED.
D. Metformin (Glucophage)
Metformin (Glucophage), used for type 2 diabetes, is not typically linked to causing ED.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale: Propranolol, a beta-blocker used for high blood pressure and other cardiovascular conditions, is known to have potential side effects of sexual dysfunction, including erectile dysfunction (ED).
Choice B rationale: Ranitidine (Zantac) is an H2 blocker used for acid reflux and isn't typically associated with causing ED.
Choice C rationale: Atorvastatin (Lipitor), a statin used for high cholesterol, isn't commonly associated with causing ED.
Choice D rationale: Metformin (Glucophage), used for type 2 diabetes, is not typically linked to causing ED.
Which nursing action should be included in the plan of care for a patient returning to the surgical unit after a left modified radical mastectomy with dissection of axillary lymph nodes?
A. Post a sign at the bedside warning against venipunctures or blood pressures in the left arm.
Post-surgery, there's a risk of lymphedema in the affected arm, so avoiding procedures like venipuncture or blood pressure measurements in the left arm helps prevent complications.
B. Obtain a permanent breast prosthesis before the patient is discharged from the hospital.
Obtaining a permanent breast prosthesis is a consideration post- recovery but not an immediate priority upon return to the surgical unit.
C. Teach the patient to use the ordered patient-controlled analgesia every 10 minutes.
Patient-controlled analgesia instructions are important but don't specifically address immediate care after mastectomy.
D. Insist that the patient examine the surgical incision when the initial dressings are removed.
Insisting that the patient examine the surgical incision might not be appropriate upon return to the unit, and it's typically done by healthcare professionals during dressing changes.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale: Post-surgery, there's a risk of lymphedema in the affected arm, so avoiding procedures like venipuncture or blood pressure measurements in the left arm helps prevent complications.
Choice B rationale: Obtaining a permanent breast prosthesis is a consideration post- recovery but not an immediate priority upon return to the surgical unit.
Choice C rationale: Patient-controlled analgesia instructions are important but don't specifically address immediate care after mastectomy.
Choice D rationale: Insisting that the patient examine the surgical incision might not be appropriate upon return to the unit, and it's typically done by healthcare professionals during dressing changes.
The newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage). What should the nurse tell the patient to best explain how this medication works?
A. Increases insulin release from the pancreas, inhibits glucagon secretion, and decreases gastric emptying.
Metformin does not significantly affect insulin release from the pancreas or glucagon secretion but reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity in tissues.
B. Reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity.
Metformin primarily works by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving the body's response to insulin, thereby lowering blood sugar levels.
C. Slows the absorption of carbohydrate in the small intestine.
Metformin does not notably slow carbohydrate absorption in the small intestine.
D. Increases insulin production from the pancreas.
Metformin does not directly increase insulin production from the pancreas.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale: Metformin does not significantly affect insulin release from the pancreas or glucagon secretion but reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity in tissues.
Choice B rationale: Metformin primarily works by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving the body's response to insulin, thereby lowering blood sugar levels.
Choice C rationale: Metformin does not notably slow carbohydrate absorption in the small intestine.
Choice D rationale: Metformin does not directly increase insulin production from the pancreas.