Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is admitting a patient who has been experiencing vomiting and diarrhea for the last 3 days. the nurse knows that based on the patient's symptoms, the amount of ADH secreted would most likely.
A. decrease
Decrease: ADH would increase to help retain water.
B. not be affected
Not be affected: Fluid loss stimulates ADH secretion.
C. stay the same
Stay the same: It changes in response to dehydration.
D. increase
Increase: ADH is secreted to conserve water during dehydration caused by vomiting and diarrhea.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - ATI anatomy and physiology proctored exam. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A. Decrease: ADH would increase to help retain water.
B. Not be affected: Fluid loss stimulates ADH secretion.
C. Stay the same: It changes in response to dehydration.
D. Increase: ADH is secreted to conserve water during dehydration caused by vomiting and diarrhea.
Similar Questions
A patient who is started on oral nourishment along with IV fluid has the following amounts entered on his I and O sheet: juice 120 ml, cereal 180 ml, tea 150 ml, urine 380 ml, IV fluid 1050 ml, and emesis 50 ml. His total oral intake was:
A. 430 ml
430 ml: This doesn’t include all oral items.
B. 450 ml
450 ml: Juice (120) + cereal (180) + tea (150) = 450 ml total oral intake.
C. 300 ml
300 ml: Underestimates total oral intake.
D. 1500 ml
1500 ml: This may include IV fluid, which isn’t oral intake.
Full Explanation
A. 430 ml: This doesn’t include all oral items.
B. 450 ml: Juice (120) + cereal (180) + tea (150) = 450 ml total oral intake.
C. 300 ml: Underestimates total oral intake.
D. 1500 ml: This may include IV fluid, which isn’t oral intake.
Which of the following body systems is the quickest to respond to changes in pH in the blood?
A. Respiratory system
Respiratory system: It responds within minutes by adjusting CO₂ exhalation to regulate pH.
B. Muscular system
Muscular system: It doesn’t play a direct role in acid-base balance.
C. Integumentary system
Integumentary system: The skin is not involved in pH regulation.
D. Kidneys and Renal system
Kidneys and Renal system: Though effective, the renal response is slower, taking hours to days.
Full Explanation
A. Respiratory system: It responds within minutes by adjusting CO₂ exhalation to regulate pH.
B. Muscular system: It doesn’t play a direct role in acid-base balance.
C. Integumentary system: The skin is not involved in pH regulation.
D. Kidneys and Renal system: Though effective, the renal response is slower, taking hours to days.
When a solution has the same concentration as the fluid within the cell, that solution is:
A. acidic
Acidic: Acidity refers to pH, not solute concentration.
B. hypotonic
Hypotonic: A hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration than the cell, causing water to enter the cell.
C. hypertonic.
Hypertonic: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration and pulls water out of cells.
D. isotonic
Isotonic: Isotonic solutions have equal solute concentration and do not cause fluid shifts.
Full Explanation
A. Acidic: Acidity refers to pH, not solute concentration.
B. Hypotonic: A hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration than the cell, causing water to enter the cell.
C. Hypertonic: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration and pulls water out of cells.
D. Isotonic: Isotonic solutions have equal solute concentration and do not cause fluid shifts.