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NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
Which of the following body systems is the quickest to respond to changes in pH in the blood?
A. Respiratory system
Respiratory system: It responds within minutes by adjusting CO₂ exhalation to regulate pH.
B. Muscular system
Muscular system: It doesn’t play a direct role in acid-base balance.
C. Integumentary system
Integumentary system: The skin is not involved in pH regulation.
D. Kidneys and Renal system
Kidneys and Renal system: Though effective, the renal response is slower, taking hours to days.
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Full Explanation
A. Respiratory system: It responds within minutes by adjusting CO₂ exhalation to regulate pH.
B. Muscular system: It doesn’t play a direct role in acid-base balance.
C. Integumentary system: The skin is not involved in pH regulation.
D. Kidneys and Renal system: Though effective, the renal response is slower, taking hours to days.
Similar Questions
When a solution has the same concentration as the fluid within the cell, that solution is:
A. acidic
Acidic: Acidity refers to pH, not solute concentration.
B. hypotonic
Hypotonic: A hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration than the cell, causing water to enter the cell.
C. hypertonic.
Hypertonic: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration and pulls water out of cells.
D. isotonic
Isotonic: Isotonic solutions have equal solute concentration and do not cause fluid shifts.
Full Explanation
A. Acidic: Acidity refers to pH, not solute concentration.
B. Hypotonic: A hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration than the cell, causing water to enter the cell.
C. Hypertonic: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration and pulls water out of cells.
D. Isotonic: Isotonic solutions have equal solute concentration and do not cause fluid shifts.
The major route of excretion of all electrolytes from the body is via the:
A. skin
Skin: Some electrolytes are lost via sweat, but not the major route.
B. lungs
Lungs: Lungs excrete CO₂ but not most electrolytes.
C. rectum
Rectum: Some are excreted via feces, but the amount is minimal.
D. kidney
Kidney: The kidneys regulate and excrete electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and calcium.
Full Explanation
A. Skin: Some electrolytes are lost via sweat, but not the major route.
B. Lungs: Lungs excrete CO₂ but not most electrolytes.
C. Rectum: Some are excreted via feces, but the amount is minimal.
D. Kidney: The kidneys regulate and excrete electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and calcium.
The most abundant anion in plasma membranes is:
A. phosphate
Phosphate: Phosphate is mainly found intracellularly.
B. potassium
Potassium: Potassium is a cation, not an anion.
C. calcium
Calcium: Calcium is a cation.
D. chloride
Chloride: Chloride is the most abundant extracellular anion and important in fluid balance.
Full Explanation
A. Phosphate: Phosphate is mainly found intracellularly.
B. Potassium: Potassium is a cation, not an anion.
C. Calcium: Calcium is a cation.
D. Chloride: Chloride is the most abundant extracellular anion and important in fluid balance.