Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing opioid withdrawal. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?
A. Risperidone
Risperidone is an antipsychotic medication that has no effect on opioid withdrawal.
B. Methadone
Methadone is a synthetic opioid that can help reduce the symptoms of opioid withdrawal and prevent relapse. Methadone acts on the same receptors as other opioids, but it has a longer duration of action and a lower potential for abuse. Methadone is given in controlled doses as part of an opioid treatment program.
C. Lithium carbonate
Lithium carbonate is a mood stabilizer that is used to treat bipolar disorder and has no effect on opioid withdrawal.
D. Disulfiram
Disulfiram is a medication that inhibits the metabolism of alcohol and causes unpleasant reactions when alcohol is consumed. It has no effect on opioid withdrawal.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - PNU Adult Health II Spring 2023 Proctored Exam 2. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
Methadone. Methadone is a synthetic opioid that can help reduce the symptoms of opioid withdrawal and prevent relapse.
Methadone acts on the same receptors as other opioids, but it has a longer duration of action and a lower potential for abuse. Methadone is given in controlled doses as part of an opioid treatment program.
The other choices are not correct because:
Choice A. Risperidone is an antipsychotic medication that has no effect on opioid withdrawal.
Choice C. Lithium carbonate is a mood stabilizer that is used to treat bipolar disorder and has no effect on opioid withdrawal.
Choice D. Disulfiram is a medication that inhibits the metabolism of alcohol and causes unpleasant reactions when alcohol is consumed. It has no effect on opioid withdrawal.
Similar Questions
A nurse is collecting data on an adolescent client who has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to find?
A. Difficulty using words in context
Difficulty using words in context is not a symptom of ADHD, but of a language disorder or a learning disability that affects communication skills.
B. Difficulty performing self-grooming activities
Difficulty performing self-grooming activities is not a symptom of ADHD, but of a physical disability, a mental health disorder, or a lack of motivation or self-care.
C. Difficulty in acquiring reading skills
Difficulty in acquiring reading skills is not a symptom of ADHD, but of dyslexia, which is a specific learning disability that affects reading and spelling.
D. Difficulty maintaining sustained attention
Difficulty maintaining sustained attention is a common manifestation of ADHD, according to the American Psychiatric Association and the CDC. This means that people with ADHD often have trouble focusing on tasks or activities for a long period of time, especially if they are boring or tedious. The other choices are not manifestations of ADHD, but of other conditions or problems. Here are some reasons why:
Full Explanation
Difficulty maintaining sustained attention is a common manifestation of ADHD, according to the American Psychiatric Association and the CDC. This means that people with ADHD often have trouble focusing on tasks or activities for a long period of time, especially if they are boring or tedious.
The other choices are not manifestations of ADHD, but of other conditions or problems. Here are some reasons why:
Choice A: Difficulty using words in context is not a symptom of ADHD, but of a language disorder or a learning disability that affects communication skills.
Choice B: Difficulty performing self-grooming activities is not a symptom of ADHD, but of a physical disability, a mental health disorder, or a lack of motivation or self-care.
Choice C: Difficulty in acquiring reading skills is not a symptom of ADHD, but of dyslexia, which is a specific learning disability that affects reading and spelling.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following a sexual assault. Which of the following is an expected finding?
A. Increasing sense of attachment to others
This is not correct because the increasing sense of attachment to others is not a typical response to sexual assault. Survivors may experience difficulties in trusting or relating to others, especially those who remind them of the assault or who do not support them.
B. Increasing feelings of anger
Increasing feelings of anger is a common symptom of PTSD after a sexual assault, as survivors may feel violated, powerless, or betrayed by the perpetrator or others. Anger can also be a way of coping with fear, anxiety, or guilt that may arise from the trauma.
C. Constant need to talk about the event
This is not correct because the constant need to talk about the event is not a characteristic of PTSD. Survivors may avoid thinking or talking about the trauma, as it can trigger distressing emotions or memories. Some survivors may choose to share their experiences with others, but this does not indicate PTSD.
D. Sleeping 12 hr or more each day
This is not correct because sleeping 12 hr or more each day is not an expected finding of PTSD after a sexual assault. Survivors may have trouble falling or staying asleep, or experience nightmares or flashbacks that disrupt their sleep quality. Sleeping too much can also be a sign of depression, which can co-occur with PTSD.
Full Explanation
Increasing feelings of anger are a common symptom of PTSD after a sexual assault, as survivors may feel violated, powerless, or betrayed by the perpetrator or others. Anger can also be a way of coping with fear, anxiety, or guilt that may arise from the trauma.
Choice A is not correct because the increasing sense of attachment to others is not a typical response to sexual assault. Survivors may experience difficulties in trusting or relating to others, especially those who remind them of the assault or who do not support them.
Choice C is not correct because the constant need to talk about the event is not a characteristic of PTSD. Survivors may avoid thinking or talking about the trauma, as it can trigger distressing emotions or memories. Some survivors may choose to share their experiences with others, but this does not indicate PTSD.
Choice D is not correct because sleeping 12 hr or more each day is not an expected finding of PTSD after a sexual assault. Survivors may have trouble falling or staying asleep, or experience nightmares or flashbacks that disrupt their sleep quality. Sleeping too much can also be a sign of depression, which can co-occur with PTSD.
A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client to an acute mental health unit following a suicide attempt. The client has a history of depression, substance abuse, and anorexia nervosa. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Initiate one-to-one nursing observation.
Initiate one-to-one nursing observation, as this is the most urgent intervention to ensure the safety of the client. The client has a history of depression, substance abuse, anorexia nervosa, and attempted suicide, which indicates that they are at high risk for harm to themselves. One-to-one observation involves an assigned staff member who will be with the client at all times, ensuring their safety and preventing any further self-harm attempts.
B. Make a contract with the client for weight gain.
Making a contract with the client for weight gain is not an appropriate first action as it does not address the client's immediate safety concerns.
C. Administer the Hamilton depression scale.
Administering the Hamilton depression scale may be important to assess the client's depressive symptoms but is not the most urgent priority.
D. Review the client's toxicology laboratory report.
Reviewing the client's toxicology laboratory report may be necessary for the overall assessment of the client, but safety comes first.
Full Explanation
initiate one-to-one nursing observation, as this is the most urgent intervention to ensure the safety of the client. The client has a history of depression, substance abuse, anorexia nervosa, and attempted suicide, which indicates that they are at high risk for harm to themselves. One-to-one observation involves an assigned staff member who will be with the client at all times, ensuring their safety and preventing any further self-harm attempts.
Choice B, making a contract with the client for weight gain, is not an appropriate first action as it does not address the client's immediate safety concerns.
Choice C, administering the Hamilton depression scale, may be important to assess the client's depressive symptoms but is not the most urgent priority.
Choice D, reviewing the client's toxicology laboratory report, may be necessary for the overall assessment of the client, but safety comes first.