Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is caring for a hospitalized child and family using a family-centered care approach. Which nursing action best demonstrates the principle that the family is the constant in the child's life?
A. Limiting family involvement to scheduled visiting hours
Limiting family involvement to scheduled visiting hours is incorrect because family-centered care promotes unrestricted or flexible family presence. Restricting involvement contradicts the idea that the family plays a continuous and central role in the child’s life.
B. Encouraging the family to follow unit routines without modification
Encouraging the family to follow unit routines without modification is incorrect because family-centered care values collaboration and flexibility. Care should be adapted to meet the needs of the child and family, not force the family to conform to rigid hospital routines.
C. Assuming the healthcare team is the primary source of support for the child
Assuming the healthcare team is the primary source of support for the child is incorrect because, in family-centered care, the family—not the healthcare team—is recognized as the primary and constant source of support, comfort, and advocacy for the child.
D. Involving the family in care planning and decision-making for the child
Involving the family in care planning and decision-making for the child is correct because it acknowledges that the family is the constant in the child’s life. This approach respects the family’s knowledge of the child, promotes collaboration, and supports continuity of care across healthcare settings.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Ati dmmsn 650 OB/Pediatrics Proctored Exams. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A. Limiting family involvement to scheduled visiting hours is incorrect because family-centered care promotes unrestricted or flexible family presence. Restricting involvement contradicts the idea that the family plays a continuous and central role in the child’s life.
B. Encouraging the family to follow unit routines without modification is incorrect because family-centered care values collaboration and flexibility. Care should be adapted to meet the needs of the child and family, not force the family to conform to rigid hospital routines.
C. Assuming the healthcare team is the primary source of support for the child is incorrect because, in family-centered care, the family—not the healthcare team—is recognized as the primary and constant source of support, comfort, and advocacy for the child.
D. Involving the family in care planning and decision-making for the child is correct because it acknowledges that the family is the constant in the child’s life. This approach respects the family’s knowledge of the child, promotes collaboration, and supports continuity of care across healthcare settings.
Similar Questions
A 5-year-old child with cystic fibrosis (CF) is being seen for a follow-up visit. The parents report that the child has difficulty gaining weight despite a high- calorie diet and frequently experiences loose, fatty stools. The healthcare provider prescribes pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) to assist with digestion. Which of the following statements best explains why children with CF require digestive enzymes?
A. CF causes thickened mucus that obstructs the pancreas, preventing the release of digestive enzymes
CF causes thickened mucus that obstructs the pancreas, preventing the release of digestive enzymes is correct because cystic fibrosis leads to thick, sticky secretions that block pancreatic ducts. This prevents digestive enzymes from reaching the small intestine, resulting in malabsorption of fats, proteins, and fat-soluble vitamins, which causes poor weight gain and steatorrhea (fatty stools).
B. Children with CF have an overproduction of digestive enzymes, leading to malabsorption
Children with CF have an overproduction of digestive enzymes, leading to malabsorption is incorrect because the problem in CF is insufficient delivery of enzymes to the intestine, not overproduction.
C. Digestive enzymes are needed to break down fat, which children with CF can digest more efficiently than carbohydrates
Digestive enzymes are needed to break down fat, which children with CF can digest more efficiently than carbohydrates is incorrect because children with CF have difficulty digesting fats due to lack of pancreatic enzymes. They do not digest fat more efficiently; instead, fat malabsorption is a hallmark of the disease.
D. Pancreatic enzyme replacement is only required when children develop diabetes, a common complication of CF
Pancreatic enzyme replacement is only required when children develop diabetes, a common complication of CF is incorrect because PERT is required due to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, not diabetes. Diabetes in CF results from endocrine pancreatic dysfunction and is unrelated to the need for digestive enzymes.
Full Explanation
A. CF causes thickened mucus that obstructs the pancreas, preventing the release of digestive enzymes is correct because cystic fibrosis leads to thick, sticky secretions that block pancreatic ducts. This prevents digestive enzymes from reaching the small intestine, resulting in malabsorption of fats, proteins, and fat-soluble vitamins, which causes poor weight gain and steatorrhea (fatty stools).
B. Children with CF have an overproduction of digestive enzymes, leading to malabsorption is incorrect because the problem in CF is insufficient delivery of enzymes to the intestine, not overproduction.
C. Digestive enzymes are needed to break down fat, which children with CF can digest more efficiently than carbohydrates is incorrect because children with CF have difficulty digesting fats due to lack of pancreatic enzymes. They do not digest fat more efficiently; instead, fat malabsorption is a hallmark of the disease.
D. Pancreatic enzyme replacement is only required when children develop diabetes, a common complication of CF is incorrect because PERT is required due to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, not diabetes. Diabetes in CF results from endocrine pancreatic dysfunction and is unrelated to the need for digestive enzymes.
What is an advantage of peritoneal dialysis?
A. Treatments are done in hospitals.
Treatments are done in hospitals is incorrect because peritoneal dialysis is typically performed at home, not exclusively in hospitals. Home-based treatment is one of its key distinctions from hemodialysis.
B. Protein loss is less extensive
Protein loss is less extensive is incorrect because peritoneal dialysis is associated with greater protein loss compared with hemodialysis due to protein leakage across the peritoneal membrane.
C. Parents and older children can perform treatments.
Parents and older children can perform treatments is correct because peritoneal dialysis can be done at home after proper training. This allows greater independence, flexibility, and a more normal lifestyle for children and families.
D. Dietary limitations are not necessary.
Dietary limitations are not necessary is incorrect because dietary and fluid restrictions are still required with peritoneal dialysis, although they may be less strict than with hemodialysis.
Full Explanation
A. Treatments are done in hospitals is incorrect because peritoneal dialysis is typically performed at home, not exclusively in hospitals. Home-based treatment is one of its key distinctions from hemodialysis.
B. Protein loss is less extensive is incorrect because peritoneal dialysis is associated with greater protein loss compared with hemodialysis due to protein leakage across the peritoneal membrane.
C. Parents and older children can perform treatments is correct because peritoneal dialysis can be done at home after proper training. This allows greater independence, flexibility, and a more normal lifestyle for children and families.
D. Dietary limitations are not necessary is incorrect because dietary and fluid restrictions are still required with peritoneal dialysis, although they may be less strict than with hemodialysis.
A nurse is caring for a 4-month-old infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who is thriving and showing no complications. Which nursing intervention should the nurse prioritize to minimize reflux episodes?
A. Give larger, less frequent feedings.
Give larger, less frequent feedings is incorrect because large-volume feedings increase gastric distention and can worsen reflux. Smaller, more frequent feedings are preferred.
B. Thicken the infant's formula with rice cereal.
Thicken the infant's formula with rice cereal is correct because thickened feedings help reduce the frequency of reflux episodes by making gastric contents heavier and less likely to reflux into the esophagus. This is a common first-line, noninvasive intervention for infants with uncomplicated GERD who are thriving.
C. Administer continuous nasogastric tube feedings.
Administer continuous nasogastric tube feedings is incorrect because this intervention is reserved for severe cases or infants who are not thriving. It is unnecessary for an infant with mild, uncomplicated GERD.
D. Place the infant in the Trendelenburg position after feeding
Place the infant in the Trendelenburg position after feeding is incorrect because this position increases the risk of reflux and aspiration by placing the head lower than the stomach. Infants should be kept upright after feedings.
Full Explanation
A. Give larger, less frequent feedings is incorrect because large-volume feedings increase gastric distention and can worsen reflux. Smaller, more frequent feedings are preferred.
B. Thicken the infant's formula with rice cereal is correct because thickened feedings help reduce the frequency of reflux episodes by making gastric contents heavier and less likely to reflux into the esophagus. This is a common first-line, noninvasive intervention for infants with uncomplicated GERD who are thriving.
C. Administer continuous nasogastric tube feedings is incorrect because this intervention is reserved for severe cases or infants who are not thriving. It is unnecessary for an infant with mild, uncomplicated GERD.
D. Place the infant in the Trendelenburg position after feeding is incorrect because this position increases the risk of reflux and aspiration by placing the head lower than the stomach. Infants should be kept upright after feedings.