Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I should increase my sodium intake."
Clients with nephrotic syndrome are usually advised to decrease sodium intake to manage edema, not increase it.
B. "I should expect my provider to prescribe a kidney biopsy."
A kidney biopsy may be prescribed to determine the cause of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement does not indicate a need for further teaching.
C. "I can expect to have swelling in my face."
Swelling, particularly in the face, is a common symptom of nephrotic syndrome due to fluid retention.
D. "I will lose protein in my urine."
Losing protein in the urine is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement is accurate.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Ati Med Surg Proctored Exam 2. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Clients with nephrotic syndrome are usually advised to decrease sodium intake to manage edema, not increase it.
Choice B reason: A kidney biopsy may be prescribed to determine the cause of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement does not indicate a need for further teaching.
Choice C reason: Swelling, particularly in the face, is a common symptom of nephrotic syndrome due to fluid retention.
Choice D reason: Losing protein in the urine is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement is accurate.
Similar Questions
A nurse is gathering medical history from a client admited for pyelonephritis. Which of the following should the nurse expect the client to report when asked about their medical history?
A. The client states that they consume a high calcium diet and have had high calcium in their blood.
A high calcium diet and high blood calcium levels are not directly related to pyelonephritis.
B. The client reports that they had two urinary tract infections (UTI) in the past 10 months.
Recurrent UTIs can lead to pyelonephritis, especially if the infections ascend to the kidneys.
C. The client reports that they took a lot of ibuprofen for arthritis for many years.
Long-term use of ibuprofen can affect kidney function but is not a direct cause of pyelonephritis.
D. The client states that they remember their mother saying their grandmother had this same genetic disease.
Genetic diseases can affect kidney health, but there is no common genetic disease that directly causes pyelonephritis.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: A high calcium diet and high blood calcium levels are not directly related to pyelonephritis.
Choice B reason: Recurrent UTIs can lead to pyelonephritis, especially if the infections ascend to the kidneys.
Choice C reason: Long-term use of ibuprofen can affect kidney function but is not a direct cause of pyelonephritis.
Choice D reason: Genetic diseases can affect kidney health, but there is no common genetic disease that directly causes pyelonephritis.
A nurse is assessing a client who has end-stage kidney disease and is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following
findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client is experiencing fluid overload?
A. Flatened neck veins
Flatened neck veins would suggest dehydration rather than fluid overload.
B. Return of skin to previous position when the client's skin is palpated
The return of skin to previous position when pinched indicates good skin turgor, not fluid overload.
C. The client has a 5 lb weight gain since yesterday.
A significant weight gain in a short period, such as 5 lb since yesterday, is a classic sign of fluid overload.
D. Oxygen saturation 93%
An oxygen saturation of 93% does not necessarily indicate fluid overload.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Flatened neck veins would suggest dehydration rather than fluid overload.
Choice B reason: The return of skin to previous position when pinched indicates good skin turgor, not fluid overload.
Choice C reason: A significant weight gain in a short period, such as 5 lb since yesterday, is a classic sign of fluid overload.
Choice D reason: An oxygen saturation of 93% does not necessarily indicate fluid overload.
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following sets of values should the nurse expect?
A. pH 7.30, HCO3- 26 mEq/L, PaCO2 50 mm Hg
pH 7.30 with elevated HCO3- and PaCO2 suggests compensated respiratory acidosis, not typical for chronic kidney disease.
B. pH 7.55, HCO3- 30 mEq/L, PaCO2 31 mm Hg
pH 7.55 with elevated HCO3- and low PaCO2 suggests metabolic alkalosis, which is not typical for chronic kidney disease.
C. pH 7.25, HCO3- 19 mEq/L, PaCO2 30 mm Hg
pH 7.25 with decreased HCO3- and PaCO2 suggests metabolic acidosis, which is expected in chronic kidney disease due to the accumulation of acids.
D. pH 7.50, HCO3- 20 mEq/L, PaCO2 32 mm Hg
pH 7.50 with low HCO3- and PaCO2 suggests compensated metabolic alkalosis, which is not typical for chronic kidney disease.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: pH 7.30 with elevated HCO3- and PaCO2 suggests compensated respiratory acidosis, not typical for chronic kidney disease.
Choice B reason: pH 7.55 with elevated HCO3- and low PaCO2 suggests metabolic alkalosis, which is not typical for chronic kidney disease.
Choice C reason: pH 7.25 with decreased HCO3- and PaCO2 suggests metabolic acidosis, which is expected in chronic kidney disease due to the accumulation of acids.
Choice D reason: pH 7.50 with low HCO3- and PaCO2 suggests compensated metabolic alkalosis, which is not typical for chronic kidney disease.