Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and is taking insulin lispro and insulin glargine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Draw up the insulin lispro and insulin glargine in separate syringes."
Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin, while insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin. It is important to keep them separate to maintain their individual properties and avoid any potential interactions or changes in their effectiveness.
B. "Expect insulin glargine to be cloudy."
Insulin glargine is a clear solution and should not appear cloudy. Cloudiness in insulin can indicate contamination or improper storage.
C. “Take an extra dose of insulin lispro prior to aerobic exercise."
The instruction to "take an extra dose of insulin lispro prior to aerobic exercise" is not recommended. The client should consult with their healthcare provider to determine if any adjustments to their insulin regimen are necessary for exercise. Typically, adjustments are made based on the individual's blood glucose levels and anticipated intensity and duration of exercise.
D. "Anticipate that the insulin glargine will peak in 3 hours."
Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that provides a steady release of insulin over a prolonged period, without distinct peaks or valleys in its action. Its onset of action is gradual and its effect lasts for approximately 24 hours. It is important for the client to receive accurate and appropriate instructions regarding their insulin regimen. The nurse should clarify any misunderstandings and provide accurate information to promote safe and effective diabetes management.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Proctored Exam 1. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin, while insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin. It is important to keep them separate to maintain their individual properties and avoid any potential interactions or changes in their effectiveness.
Insulin glargine is a clear solution and should not appear cloudy. Cloudiness in insulin can indicate contamination or improper storage.
The instruction to "take an extra dose of insulin lispro prior to aerobic exercise" is not recommended. The client should consult with their healthcare provider to determine if any adjustments to their insulin regimen are necessary for exercise. Typically, adjustments are made based on the individual's blood glucose levels and anticipated intensity and duration of exercise. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that provides a steady release of insulin over a prolonged period, without distinct peaks or valleys in its action. Its onset of action is gradual and its effect lasts for approximately 24 hours.
It is important for the client to receive accurate and appropriate instructions regarding their insulin regimen. The nurse should clarify any misunderstandings and provide accurate information to promote safe and effective diabetes management.
Similar Questions
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for levothyroxine. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor?
A. Thyroid stimulating hormone.
Levothyroxine is a medication used to treat hypothyroidism, and monitoring the TSH levels helps determine the effectiveness of the medication.
B. Blood urea nitrogen
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is a test used to assess kidney function and is not specifically related to thyroid function or levothyroxine therapy.
C. Prothrombin time
Prothrombin time (PT) is a test used to evaluate the clotting ability of the blood and is not directly related to thyroid function or levothyroxine therapy.
D. Arterial blood gases
Arterial blood gases (ABGs) are used to assess oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood and evaluate acid-base balance. ABGs are not specifically related to thyroid function or levothyroxine therapy.
Full Explanation
Levothyroxine is a medication used to treat hypothyroidism, and monitoring the TSH levels helps determine the effectiveness of the medication.
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is a test used to assess kidney function and is not specifically related to thyroid function or levothyroxine therapy.
Prothrombin time (PT) is a test used to evaluate the clotting ability of the blood and is not directly related to thyroid function or levothyroxine therapy.
Arterial blood gases (ABGs) are used to assess oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood and evaluate acid-base balance. ABGs are not specifically related to thyroid function or levothyroxine therapy.
A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV and is neutropenic. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as increasing the risk for the client to develop an infection?
A. The client has artificial flowers in the room.
Artificial flowers are generally considered safer than fresh flowers because they do not harbor water, which can be a source of bacterial growth. However, they can collect dust, which might carry pathogens, though this is typically a lesser concern compared to fresh flowers.
B. The client is assigned to a room with negative airflow.
Being assigned to a room with negative airflow is actually beneficial for a client with an immunocompromised condition, as it helps prevent the spread of airborne pathogens.
C. The client's meal tray contains hard boiled eggs
Hard boiled eggs do not inherently increase the risk of infection. However, it is important to ensure that all food items are properly prepared, handled, and stored to minimize the risk of foodborne illnesses.
D. The client's meal tray includes ice cream with fresh fruit.
Fresh fruit can harbor bacteria and other pathogens on their surfaces, which can pose a significant risk to a neutropenic patient. Even with thorough washing, there is a higher risk compared to cooked or pasteurized foods.
Full Explanation
Correct answer: D
a. Artificial flowers are generally considered safer than fresh flowers because they do not harbor water, which can be a source of bacterial growth. However, they can collect dust, which might carry pathogens, though this is typically a lesser concern compared to fresh flowers.
b. Being assigned to a room with negative airflow is actually beneficial for a client with an immunocompromised condition, as it helps prevent the spread of airborne pathogens.
c. Hard boiled eggs do not inherently increase the risk of infection. However, it is important to ensure that all food items are properly prepared, handled, and stored to minimize the risk of foodborne illnesses.
d. Fresh fruit can harbor bacteria and other pathogens on their surfaces, which can pose a significant risk to a neutropenic patient. Even with thorough washing, there is a higher risk compared to cooked or pasteurized foods.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a newly licensed nurse about bowel sounds. Which of the following characteristics should the nurse use to describe hyperactive bowel sounds?
A. No sounds heard after listening for 3 to 5 min
B. Can be a result of an early bowel obstruction
C. Sounds are soft and at a rate of 1/min
D. Indicates decreased motility
Full Explanation
The nurse should describe hyperactive bowel sounds as sounds that are loud, high-pitched, and increased in frequency and intensity. They are more frequent than the normal bowel sounds, with a rapid succession of sounds occurring at a rate greater than 5 to 30 sounds per minute.
Hyperactive bowel sounds can be heard in conditions such as gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and early mechanical bowel obstruction. They indicate increased bowel motility and are often associated with increased peristalsis.
To differentiate hyperactive bowel sounds from normal or hypoactive bowel sounds, the nurse can explain that hypoactive bowel sounds are decreased or absent sounds that occur when the bowel motility is decreased, such as in conditions like paralytic ileus or after abdominal surgery. Normal bowel sounds are typically soft, low-pitched, and occur at a rate of 5 to 30 sounds per minute.
