Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is talking with a client who has to come to the clinic for HIV testing. The nurse should explain that, after the laboratory has the enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results, it will use which of the following tests to confirm the diagnosis?
A. CD4+ T-cell count
B. Western blot analysis
This is because Western blot analysis detects specific antibodies to HIV antigens and has a high specificity and sensitivity for HIV infection. CD4+ T-cell count measures the number of helper T cells in the blood and indicates the degree of immunosuppression in clients with HIV infection, but it does not confirm the diagnosis. Quantitative RNA assay and viral load test measure the amount of HIV RNA in the blood and indicate the level of viral replication and response to antiretroviral therapy, but they do not confirm the diagnosis.
C. Quantitative RNA assay
D. Viral load test
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - ATI SP 250 Exam 3 Med Surg Proctored Exam. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
This is because Western blot analysis detects specific antibodies to HIV antigens and has a high specificity and sensitivity for HIV infection. CD4+ T-cell count measures the number of helper T cells in the blood and indicates the degree of immunosuppression in clients with HIV infection, but it does not confirm the diagnosis. Quantitative RNA assay and viral load test measure the amount of HIV RNA in the blood and indicate the level of viral replication and response to antiretroviral therapy, but they do not confirm the diagnosis.
Similar Questions
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who has burns on the front and back of both his legs and arms. Using the rule of nines the nurse should document burns to which percentage of the client's total body surface area (TBSA)?
A. 9 percent
B. 18 percent
C. 36 percent
This is because according to the rule of nines, each arm accounts for 9 percent and each leg accounts for 18 percent of the TBSA. Therefore, burns on both arms and both legs equal (9+9+18+18) =54%.
D. 54 percent
Full Explanation
This is because according to the rule of nines, each arm accounts for 9 percent and each leg accounts for 18 percent of the TBSA. Therefore, burns on both arms and both legs equal (9+9+18+18) =54%.
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing an older adult client whose son reports that the client has been sick with a respiratory illness for the past 6 days. Which of the following assessment findings is a manifestation of pneumonia in the older adult client?
A. Bradycardia
B. Confusion
This is because older adults may not have typical signs and symptoms of pneumonia, such as fever, cough, and chest pain. Instead, they may present with confusion, lethargy, or delirium due to hypoxia or dehydration.
C. Night sweats
D. Narrowed pulse pressure
Full Explanation
This is because older adults may not have typical signs and symptoms of pneumonia, such as fever, cough, and chest pain. Instead, they may present with confusion, lethargy, or delirium due to hypoxia or dehydration.
A nurse in a community health clinic is administering seasonal inactive influenza vaccine. Before administering it, the nurse must confirm that the client is not allergic to which of the following?
A. Gelatin
B. Yeast
C. Eggs
This is because some influenza vaccines are prepared using chicken eggs and may contain trace amounts of egg protein, which can cause an allergic reaction in some people.
D. Shellfish
Full Explanation
This is because some influenza vaccines are prepared using chicken eggs and may contain trace amounts of egg protein, which can cause an allergic reaction in some people.