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NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is teaching a newly-admitted client about the possible physical effects of alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following manifestation should the nurse include in the reaching? (Select all that apply.)
A. Nystagmus
Nystagmus is not a typical manifestation of alcohol withdrawal. It is more commonly associated with intoxication or neurological conditions. Therefore, it is not included in the effects of alcohol withdrawal.
B. Illusions
Illusions (misinterpretations of external stimuli) are common during alcohol withdrawal, especially in severe cases such as withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens). Clients may misinterpret shadows or objects as threatening.
C. Polyphagia
Polyphagia (excessive eating) is not a recognized manifestation of alcohol withdrawal. Clients with withdrawal may experience nausea or a lack of appetite rather than an increased appetite.
D. Tremors
Tremors, often called "the shakes," are one of the most common early signs of alcohol withdrawal. They usually begin within hours after alcohol cessation.
E. Seizures
Seizures, specifically generalized tonic-clonic seizures, are a serious complication of alcohol withdrawal. They can occur within 6–48 hours after the last drink and are part of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
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Full Explanation
A. Nystagmus: Nystagmus is not a typical manifestation of alcohol withdrawal. It is more commonly associated with intoxication or neurological conditions. Therefore, it is not included in the effects of alcohol withdrawal.
B. Illusions: Illusions (misinterpretations of external stimuli) are common during alcohol withdrawal, especially in severe cases such as withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens). Clients may misinterpret shadows or objects as threatening.
C. Polyphagia: Polyphagia (excessive eating) is not a recognized manifestation of alcohol withdrawal. Clients with withdrawal may experience nausea or a lack of appetite rather than an increased appetite.
D. Tremors: Tremors, often called "the shakes," are one of the most common early signs of alcohol withdrawal. They usually begin within hours after alcohol cessation.
E. Seizures: Seizures, specifically generalized tonic-clonic seizures, are a serious complication of alcohol withdrawal. They can occur within 6–48 hours after the last drink and are part of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Similar Questions
A nurse in the emergency department is implementing a plan of care for an older adult client who is experiencing delirium tremens. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Start intravenous fluids.
Intravenous (IV) fluids are essential for managing dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, which can commonly occur during alcohol withdrawal, including delirium tremens. However, in the context of prioritizing actions, starting IV fluids might not be the immediate first step. Ensuring the client's safety and preventing harm take precedence.
B. Administer diazepam.
Diazepam, a benzodiazepine, is a medication commonly used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms, including delirium tremens. It helps alleviate anxiety, agitation, and can prevent seizures. While diazepam is an important part of managing delirium tremens, it may not be the first action taken. Safety measures to prevent injury or harm usually come before medication administration.
C. Obtain a medical history.
Obtaining a comprehensive medical history is crucial for understanding the client's background, including any past medical conditions, medications, allergies, and alcohol use history. However, in an acute situation such as delirium tremens where the client's safety is at risk, gathering a detailed medical history may not be the initial priority. The focus is on managing immediate risks and stabilizing the client's condition.
D. Raise the side rails of the bed.
Raising the side rails of the bed is a critical safety measure for clients experiencing delirium tremens or any condition that may cause confusion, disorientation, or agitation. It helps prevent falls and injuries, ensuring the client's physical safety while they are in an altered state of consciousness. This action is often the first step in ensuring the immediate safety of the client during a delirium tremens episode.
A nurse is caring for a client who has bipolar disorder and a new prescription for valproate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client about the use of this medication?
A. A pretreatment electroencephalogram (EEG) will be done.
A pretreatment electroencephalogram (EEG) will be done.An EEG is not typically necessary when starting valproate for bipolar disorder. EEGs are more commonly used to assess brain activity in the context of epilepsy.
B. High serum sodium levels can cause toxic levels of valproate.
High serum sodium levels can cause toxic levels of valproate.Sodium levels are not directly related to the toxic levels of valproate. The primary concern with valproate is its impact on liver function and potential for hepatotoxicity.
C. Liver function tests must be monitored.
Liver function tests must be monitored. Explanation: Valproate is an antiepileptic and mood-stabilizing medication commonly used to treat bipolar disorder. One of the potential side effects of valproate is hepatotoxicity (liver damage). Therefore, monitoring liver function tests (such as serum transaminases) is important to assess the medication's impact on the liver and to ensure the client's safety.
D. Thyroid function tests should be performed every 6 months
Thyroid function tests should be performed every 6 months.While thyroid function tests might be important for some medications, monitoring thyroid function is not a primary consideration when using valproate. The main focus with valproate is on liver function monitoring.
Full Explanation
A. A pretreatment electroencephalogram (EEG) will be done.
An EEG is not typically necessary when starting valproate for bipolar disorder. EEGs are more commonly used to assess brain activity in the context of epilepsy.
B. High serum sodium levels can cause toxic levels of valproate.
Sodium levels are not directly related to the toxic levels of valproate. The primary concern with valproate is its impact on liver function and potential for hepatotoxicity.
C. Liver function tests must be monitored.
Explanation: Valproate is an antiepileptic and mood-stabilizing medication commonly used to treat bipolar disorder. One of the potential side effects of valproate is hepatotoxicity (liver damage). Therefore, monitoring liver function tests (such as serum transaminases) is important to assess the medication's impact on the liver and to ensure the client's safety.
D. Thyroid function tests should be performed every 6 months.
While thyroid function tests might be important for some medications, monitoring thyroid function is not a primary consideration when using valproate. The main focus with valproate is on liver function monitoring.
A nurse in a drug and alcohol detoxification center is planning care for a client who has alcohol use disorder. Which of the following interventions Could the nurse identify as the priority?
A. Helping the client identity positive personality traits
While addressing self-esteem and positive personality traits is important for overall psychological well-being, it is not the priority during the acute detoxification phase. Ensuring the client's physical safety and stability is the immediate concern.
B. Providing for adequate hydration and rest
The process of detoxification from alcohol can lead to withdrawal symptoms, some of which can be severe and even life-threatening. Adequate hydration is crucial during this period to prevent dehydration and electrolyte imbalances that can occur due to excessive vomiting, diarrhea, or sweating associated with withdrawal. Rest is also important to help the client's body recover from the physical stress of withdrawal.
C. Educating the client about the consequences of alcohol misuse
Education about the consequences of alcohol misuse is important for the client's understanding and motivation for recovery, but this intervention can come after addressing the immediate physical needs of detoxification.
D. Confronting the use of denial and other defense mechanisms
Addressing denial and defense mechanisms is a critical aspect of therapy for clients with alcohol use disorder, but it might not be the first priority during the detoxification phase. Ensuring the client's physical safety and managing withdrawal symptoms take precedence initially.
Full Explanation
While addressing self-esteem and positive personality traits is important for overall psychological well-being, it is not the priority during the acute detoxification phase. Ensuring the client's physical safety and stability is the immediate concern.
B. Providing for adequate hydration and rest.
Explanation: The process of detoxification from alcohol can lead to withdrawal symptoms, some of which can be severe and even life-threatening. Adequate hydration is crucial during this period to prevent dehydration and electrolyte imbalances that can occur due to excessive vomiting, diarrhea, or sweating associated with withdrawal. Rest is also important to help the client's body recover from the physical stress of withdrawal.
C. Educating the client about the consequences of alcohol misuse.
Education about the consequences of alcohol misuse is important for the client's understanding and motivation for recovery, but this intervention can come after addressing the immediate physical needs of detoxification.
D. Confronting the use of denial and other defense mechanisms.
Addressing denial and defense mechanisms is a critical aspect of therapy for clients with alcohol use disorder, but it might not be the first priority during the detoxification phase. Ensuring the client's physical safety and managing withdrawal symptoms take precedence initially.