Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is teaching an adolescent who has type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority?
A. Cholesterol 189mg/dl
While it’s important for individuals with diabetes to monitor their cholesterol levels, a cholesterol level of 189mg/dl is within the acceptable range for most people.
B. Glycosuria.
Glycosuria, or sugar in the urine, can be a sign of poorly controlled diabetes. However, it’s not typically used as a primary indicator of diabetes control.
C. HbA1c of 11.5%
An HbA1c level of 11.5% is significantly higher than the target range of less than 7% for most adults with diabetes. This suggests that the individual’s blood sugar levels have been much higher than the target range for the past 2 to 3 months17.
D. pre-prandial blood glucose.124mg/dL. .
A pre-prandial (before meal) blood glucose level of 124mg/dL is slightly higher than the target range of 70- 130mg/dL. However, it’s not as concerning as an HbA1c level of 11.5%.
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Full Explanation
Choice A rationale
While it’s important for individuals with diabetes to monitor their cholesterol levels, a cholesterol level of 189mg/dl is within the acceptable range for most people.
Choice B rationale
Glycosuria, or sugar in the urine, can be a sign of poorly controlled diabetes. However, it’s not typically used as a primary indicator of diabetes control.
Choice C rationale
An HbA1c level of 11.5% is significantly higher than the target range of less than 7% for most adults with
diabetes. This suggests that the individual’s blood sugar levels have been much higher than the target range for the past 2 to 3 months17.
Choice D rationale
A pre-prandial (before meal) blood glucose level of 124mg/dL is slightly higher than the target range of 70- 130mg/dL. However, it’s not as concerning as an HbA1c level of 11.5%.
Similar Questions
A nurse is caring for a school- age child who is experiencing a sickle cell crisis.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. initiate contact precaution
Initiating contact precautions is not necessary for a child experiencing a sickle cell crisis. Sickle cell disease is not contagious and does not require isolation precautions.
B. Apply warm compresses to the affected area.
Applying warm compresses to the affected area can help increase blood flow and reduce pain during a sickle cell crisis. Warmth can help dilate blood vessels, allowing more blood to reach the affected area and reducing the blockage caused by the sickle cells.
C. Decrease the child's fluid intake.
Decreasing the child’s fluid intake is not recommended during a sickle cell crisis. In fact, it’s important to encourage fluid intake to prevent dehydration, which can worsen the crisis.
D. Administer furosemide IV twice per day.
Administering furosemide IV twice per day is not typically part of the treatment plan for a sickle cell crisis. Furosemide is a diuretic, which could potentially lead to dehydration, worsening the crisis.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale
Initiating contact precautions is not necessary for a child experiencing a sickle cell crisis. Sickle cell disease is not contagious and does not require isolation precautions.
Choice B rationale
Applying warm compresses to the affected area can help increase blood flow and reduce pain during a sickle cell crisis. Warmth can help dilate blood vessels, allowing more blood to reach the affected area and reducing the blockage caused by the sickle cells.
Choice C rationale
Decreasing the child’s fluid intake is not recommended during a sickle cell crisis. In fact, it’s important to encourage fluid intake to prevent dehydration, which can worsen the crisis.
Choice D rationale
Administering furosemide IV twice per day is not typically part of the treatment plan for a sickle cell crisis. Furosemide is a diuretic, which could potentially lead to dehydration, worsening the crisis.
A nurse is caring for a school age child who has pertussis.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Report the diagnosis to the public health department
Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious bacterial disease. Health care providers are required to report cases of pertussis to the local health department to help track and control the spread of the disease.
B. Place the child in a protected environment for 48hr
Placing the child in a protected environment for 48 hours is not a standard action for a child with pertussis. The child will need to be isolated until they have completed a full course of antibiotics to prevent spreading the infection.
C. Administer the pertussis vaccine
Administering the pertussis vaccine is not typically done when a child is already infected. The vaccine is used for prevention, not treatment.
D. Restrict oral fluids to 500mL per day
Restricting oral fluids to 500 mL per day is not a standard action for a child with pertussis. Adequate hydration is important for children with respiratory infections.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale
Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious bacterial disease. Health care providers are required to report cases of pertussis to the local health department to help track and control the spread of the disease.
Choice B rationale
Placing the child in a protected environment for 48 hours is not a standard action for a child with pertussis. The child will need to be isolated until they have completed a full course of antibiotics to prevent spreading the infection.
Choice C rationale
Administering the pertussis vaccine is not typically done when a child is already infected. The vaccine is used for prevention, not treatment.
Choice D rationale
Restricting oral fluids to 500 mL per day is not a standard action for a child with pertussis. Adequate hydration is important for children with respiratory infections.
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing an adolescent who reports inhalation of gasoline.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Pinpoint pupils
Pinpoint pupils are not a typical finding in an adolescent who has inhaled gasoline. Pinpoint pupils are more commonly associated with opioid use.
B. Hypothermia
Hypothermia is not a typical finding in an adolescent who has inhaled gasoline. Inhalation of gasoline can cause central nervous system depression, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, confusion, and ataxia.
C. Ataxia
Ataxia, or lack of muscle coordination, can occur after inhaling gasoline. The gasoline vapors can depress the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, confusion, and ataxia.
D. Hyperactive reflexes
Hyperactive reflexes are not a typical finding in an adolescent who has inhaled gasoline. Inhalation of gasoline can cause central nervous system depression, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, confusion, and ataxia.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale
Pinpoint pupils are not a typical finding in an adolescent who has inhaled gasoline. Pinpoint pupils are more commonly associated with opioid use.
Choice B rationale
Hypothermia is not a typical finding in an adolescent who has inhaled gasoline. Inhalation of gasoline can cause central nervous system depression, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, confusion, and ataxia.
Choice C rationale
Ataxia, or lack of muscle coordination, can occur after inhaling gasoline. The gasoline vapors can depress the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, confusion, and ataxia.
Choice D rationale
Hyperactive reflexes are not a typical finding in an adolescent who has inhaled gasoline. Inhalation of gasoline can cause central nervous system depression, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, confusion, and ataxia.