Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
The nurse is taking a history of a newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic who is beginning treatment. Which subjective information is most important for the nurse to note?
A. An allergy to sulfa drugs.
An allergy to sulfa drugs is important as some diabetes medications, like sulfonylureas, contain components related to sulfa drugs, which could cause an allergic reaction in susceptible individuals.
B. Cessation of smoking three years ago.
Smoking cessation and lifestyle history are important but might not directly impact initial diabetes treatment options.
C. Numbness in the soles of the feet.
Numbness in the soles of the feet might indicate neuropathy, a common complication of diabetes, but is not directly related to the choice of initial treatment.
D. A history of obesity.
While obesity is a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes, it's less critical for immediate treatment decisions compared to drug allergies that could impact medication choices.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Interprofessional Care of the Client and Family Across the Lifespan II Proctored Exam. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale: An allergy to sulfa drugs is important as some diabetes medications, like sulfonylureas, contain components related to sulfa drugs, which could cause an allergic reaction in susceptible individuals.
Choice B rationale: Smoking cessation and lifestyle history are important but might not directly impact initial diabetes treatment options.
Choice C rationale: Numbness in the soles of the feet might indicate neuropathy, a common complication of diabetes, but is not directly related to the choice of initial treatment.
Choice D rationale: While obesity is a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes, it's less critical for immediate treatment decisions compared to drug allergies that could impact medication choices.
Similar Questions
Which assessment finding in a 36-yr-old patient is most indicative of a need for further evaluation?
A. A breast lump that increases in size before the menstrual period.
A breast lump that increases in size before the menstrual period might be related to hormonal changes and is not necessarily indicative of a concerning issue.
B. Bilateral breast nodules that are tender with palpation.
Bilateral breast nodules that are tender with palpation might be related to benign conditions or hormonal changes.
C. A breast lump that is small and mobile, with a rubbery consistency.
A small, mobile, rubbery breast lump could suggest a benign condition like a fibroadenoma, which might not be as concerning.
D. A breast nodule that is 1 cm in size, nontender, and fixed.
A breast nodule that is 1 cm in size, nontender, and fixed could potentially raise concerns about malignancy and requires further evaluation.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale: A breast lump that increases in size before the menstrual period might be related to hormonal changes and is not necessarily indicative of a concerning issue.
Choice B rationale: Bilateral breast nodules that are tender with palpation might be related to benign conditions or hormonal changes.
Choice C rationale: A small, mobile, rubbery breast lump could suggest a benign condition like a fibroadenoma, which might not be as concerning.
Choice D rationale: A breast nodule that is 1 cm in size, nontender, and fixed could potentially raise concerns about malignancy and requires further evaluation.
The nurse is caring for a 44-year-old male with abdominal pain and persistent nausea/vomiting
What condition the client is most likely experiencing?
A. Peptic Ulcer Disease
Peptic ulcer disease doesn't typically present with ecchymosis around the umbilicus (Cullen's sign) or significantly elevated amylase and lipase levels.
B. Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis is less likely given the specific symptoms, physical exam findings, and laboratory results indicating pancreatic involvement.
C. Acute Pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis fits the clinical picture with epigastric pain after heavy alcohol use, persistent nausea/vomiting, tenderness, and elevated amylase and lipase levels.
D. Diverticulitis
Diverticulitis typically presents with symptoms more localized to the lower abdomen and doesn't cause the characteristic findings seen in this scenario.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale: Peptic ulcer disease doesn't typically present with ecchymosis around the umbilicus (Cullen's sign) or significantly elevated amylase and lipase levels.
Choice B rationale: Gastroenteritis is less likely given the specific symptoms, physical exam findings, and laboratory results indicating pancreatic involvement.
Choice C rationale: Acute pancreatitis fits the clinical picture with epigastric pain after heavy alcohol use, persistent nausea/vomiting, tenderness, and elevated amylase and lipase levels.
Choice D rationale: Diverticulitis typically presents with symptoms more localized to the lower abdomen and doesn't cause the characteristic findings seen in this scenario.
A 23-year-old sexually active female presents with white copious discharge and itch and is diagnosed with yeast vaginitis. This condition is caused by overgrowth of which
microorganism?
A. Candida albicans
Yeast vaginitis, commonly known as a yeast infection, is typically caused by an overgrowth of Candida albicans, a type of fungus. Candida albicans overgrowth can lead to symptoms like white, thick discharge and itching in the vaginal area.
B. Lactobacillus acidophilus
Lactobacillus acidophilus is a bacterium associated with maintaining vaginal health rather than causing yeast infections.
C. Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli is a bacteria that can cause different types of infections but are not typically associated with yeast vaginitis.
D. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a bacteria and does not cause yeast vaginitis despite having similar presentation such as pus discharge per vaginally.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale: Yeast vaginitis, commonly known as a yeast infection, is typically caused by an overgrowth of Candida albicans, a type of fungus. Candida albicans overgrowth can lead to symptoms like white, thick discharge and itching in the vaginal area.
Choice B rationale: Lactobacillus acidophilus is a bacterium associated with maintaining vaginal health rather than causing yeast infections.
Choice C rationale: Escherichia coli is a bacteria that can cause different types of infections but are not typically associated with yeast vaginitis.
Choice D rationale: Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a bacteria and does not cause yeast vaginitis despite having similar presentation such as pus discharge per vaginally.