Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
The process by which bile breaks down large lipid globules into smaller lipid globules in small intestine is called ______
A. Mastication
Mastication: Mastication is the mechanical chewing of food that occurs in the mouth to break food into smaller pieces -not related to bile emulsifying fats.
B. Peristalsis
Peristalsis: Peristalsis are wave-like smooth muscle contractions that propel contents through the GI tract -helps move chyme but does not chemically/physically disperse fat droplets like bile does.
C. Emulsification
Emulsification: Emulsification is the process by which bile salts surround and break large fat globules into many small droplets, increasing surface area for lipase action.
D. Deglutition
Deglutition: Deglutition is the act of swallowing, moving a bolus from the mouth into the pharynx and esophagus -not the process of bile acting on lipids.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II PROCTORED EXAM (ARIZONA COLLEGE). Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A. Mastication: Mastication is the mechanical chewing of food that occurs in the mouth to break food into smaller pieces -not related to bile emulsifying fats.
B. Peristalsis: Peristalsis are wave-like smooth muscle contractions that propel contents through the GI tract -helps move chyme but does not chemically/physically disperse fat droplets like bile does.
C. Emulsification: Emulsification is the process by which bile salts surround and break large fat globules into many small droplets, increasing surface area for lipase action.
D. Deglutition: Deglutition is the act of swallowing, moving a bolus from the mouth into the pharynx and esophagus -not the process of bile acting on lipids.
Similar Questions
A client presents to the emergency room with difficulty breathing. The nurse understands which of the following is a stimulus for breathing?
A. Buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood
Buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood: Rising arterial CO₂ (hypercapnia) is the primary stimulus for increased ventilation -central chemoreceptors detect CO₂-induced changes and drive respiratory rate/ depth.
B. pH levels in the cerebrospinal fluid
pH levels in the cerebrospinal fluid: Central chemoreceptors in the medulla respond to lowered CSF pH (which reflects increased CO₂) and stimulate breathing -true and closely linked to CO₂ levels (mechanism of the primary drive).
C. Buildup of oxygen levels in the blood
Buildup of oxygen levels in the blood: Increased O₂ is not a stimulus for breathing; in fact, high oxygen reduces the hypoxic drive. Low O₂ (hypoxemia), not a buildup, can stimulate ventilation via peripheral chemoreceptors.
D. Rising blood pressure
Rising blood pressure: Changes in blood pressure are sensed by baroreceptors and influence cardiovascular responses, but rising blood pressure is not a direct major stimulus for ventilation.
Full Explanation
A. Buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood: Rising arterial CO₂ (hypercapnia) is the primary stimulus for increased ventilation -central chemoreceptors detect CO₂-induced changes and drive respiratory rate/ depth.
B. pH levels in the cerebrospinal fluid: Central chemoreceptors in the medulla respond to lowered CSF pH (which reflects increased CO₂) and stimulate breathing -true and closely linked to CO₂ levels (mechanism of the primary drive).
C. Buildup of oxygen levels in the blood: Increased O₂ is not a stimulus for breathing; in fact, high oxygen reduces the hypoxic drive. Low O₂ (hypoxemia), not a buildup, can stimulate ventilation via peripheral chemoreceptors.
D. Rising blood pressure: Changes in blood pressure are sensed by baroreceptors and influence cardiovascular responses, but rising blood pressure is not a direct major stimulus for ventilation.
All the following are functions of the digestive system except:
A. Break down ingested foods
Break down ingested foods: The digestive system performs mechanical and chemical breakdown (e.g., chewing, enzymes) of ingested food.
B. Digest ingested foods to release nutrients
Digest ingested foods to release nutrients: Digestion (chemical breakdown) releases absorbable nutrients (amino acids, monosaccharides, fatty acids).
C. Production of red blood cells
Production of red blood cells: Hematopoiesis (production of RBCs) occurs mainly in bone marrow (and in fetal life the liver/spleen), not as a function of the digestive tract.
D. Excretion of waste products
Excretion of waste products: The digestive system eliminates undigested material and some metabolic wastes as feces.
Full Explanation
A. Break down ingested foods: The digestive system performs mechanical and chemical breakdown (e.g., chewing, enzymes) of ingested food.
B. Digest ingested foods to release nutrients: Digestion (chemical breakdown) releases absorbable nutrients (amino acids, monosaccharides, fatty acids).
C. Production of red blood cells: Hematopoiesis (production of RBCs) occurs mainly in bone marrow (and in fetal life the liver/spleen), not as a function of the digestive tract.
D. Excretion of waste products: The digestive system eliminates undigested material and some metabolic wastes as feces.
Which of the following terms describes difficult or labored breathing?
A. Eupnea
Eupnea: Eupnea means normal, unlabored breathing (normal respiratory rate and depth) -not difficult breathing.
B. Dyspnea
Dyspnea: Dyspnea describes difficult or labored breathing (shortness of breath).
C. Hyperpnea
Hyperpnea: Hyperpnea means increased depth and/or rate of breathing (e.g., during exercise), not necessarily “difficult” or labored breathing.
D. Apnea
Apnea: Apnea means a temporary absence of breathing (no breathing), the opposite of labored breathing.
Full Explanation
A. Eupnea: Eupnea means normal, unlabored breathing (normal respiratory rate and depth) -not difficult breathing.
B. Dyspnea: Dyspnea describes difficult or labored breathing (shortness of breath).
C. Hyperpnea: Hyperpnea means increased depth and/or rate of breathing (e.g., during exercise), not necessarily “difficult” or labored breathing.
D. Apnea: Apnea means a temporary absence of breathing (no breathing), the opposite of labored breathing.