Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
The structure of a lymphatic vessel is most similar to that of a(n)
A. arteriole
arteriole: arterioles are small, muscular arteries with thicker walls and no valves; lymphatics are thin-walled and valved.
B. artery
artery: arteries have thick, muscular, elastic walls to withstand high pressure; lymphatic vessels are thin-walled and low-pressure.
C. capillary
capillary: capillaries are tiny single-cell-thick vessels for exchange; lymphatics are larger and have valves.
D. vein
vein: lymphatic vessels have thin walls and valves and operate under low pressure, making them most similar in structure/function to veins.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Anatomy and physiology proctored exam (Ivy college). Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A. arteriole: arterioles are small, muscular arteries with thicker walls and no valves; lymphatics are thin-walled and valved.
B. artery: arteries have thick, muscular, elastic walls to withstand high pressure; lymphatic vessels are thin-walled and low-pressure.
C. capillary: capillaries are tiny single-cell-thick vessels for exchange; lymphatics are larger and have valves.
D. vein: lymphatic vessels have thin walls and valves and operate under low pressure, making them most similar in structure/function to veins.
Similar Questions
Which of the following cells function as phagocytes?
A. Macrophages
Macrophages: macrophages are professional phagocytes that engulf pathogens, debris, and dead cells.
B. Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes: lymphocytes mainly provide adaptive immune responses (antibody production, cell-mediated cytotoxicity), not primary phagocytosis.
C. Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes: red blood cells transport oxygen and do not phagocytose.
D. Mast cells
Mast cells: mast cells release histamine and inflammatory mediators; they are not primary phagocytes.
Full Explanation
A. Macrophages: macrophages are professional phagocytes that engulf pathogens, debris, and dead cells.
B. Lymphocytes: lymphocytes mainly provide adaptive immune responses (antibody production, cell-mediated cytotoxicity), not primary phagocytosis.
C. Erythrocytes: red blood cells transport oxygen and do not phagocytose.
D. Mast cells: mast cells release histamine and inflammatory mediators; they are not primary phagocytes.
Cervical lymph nodes filter lymph draining from what region?
A. Abdominal viscera
Abdominal viscera: abdominal viscera are drained by mesenteric and lumbar nodes, not cervical nodes.
B. Upper limb and mammary gland
Upper limb and mammary gland: the axillary lymph nodes primarily drain the upper limb and breast.
C. Thoracic viscera
Thoracic viscera: mediastinal and tracheobronchial nodes drain thoracic viscera.
D. Scalp and face
Scalp and face: cervical lymph nodes drain lymph from the head and neck region, including the scalp and face.
Full Explanation
A. Abdominal viscera: abdominal viscera are drained by mesenteric and lumbar nodes, not cervical nodes.
B. Upper limb and mammary gland: the axillary lymph nodes primarily drain the upper limb and breast.
C. Thoracic viscera: mediastinal and tracheobronchial nodes drain thoracic viscera.
D. Scalp and face: cervical lymph nodes drain lymph from the head and neck region, including the scalp and face.
A transplant recipient is more likely to reject a transplanted organ if there is not a close match between what of the recipient and that of the donor?
A. major histocompatibility complex
major histocompatibility complex: MHC (human leukocyte antigen, HLA) matching is critical because disparities trigger strong T-cell–mediated rejection responses.
B. antibody response
antibody response: the recipient’s antibody response intensity matters clinically, but you don’t “match” antibody responses between donor and recipient; rather you try to match MHC and blood type.
C. blood type
blood type: blood type mismatches can cause hyperacute rejection and are important to consider, but MHC/HLA matching is the key determinant of long-term rejection risk.
D. sex and age
sex and age: sex and age are not major determinants of graft compatibility; they are not the primary matching criteria used to reduce rejection risk.
Full Explanation
A. major histocompatibility complex: MHC (human leukocyte antigen, HLA) matching is critical because disparities trigger strong T-cell–mediated rejection responses.
B. antibody response: the recipient’s antibody response intensity matters clinically, but you don’t “match” antibody responses between donor and recipient; rather you try to match MHC and blood type.
C. blood type: blood type mismatches can cause hyperacute rejection and are important to consider, but MHC/HLA matching is the key determinant of long-term rejection risk.
D. sex and age: sex and age are not major determinants of graft compatibility; they are not the primary matching criteria used to reduce rejection risk.