Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
What is the function of the gallbladder?
A. To make digestive enzymes
To make digestive enzymes: the gallbladder stores bile; it does not synthesize digestive enzymes (that’s mainly the pancreas and some glands).
B. To break down food into smaller molecules
To break down food into smaller molecules: mechanical/chemical digestion is done by enzymes and acids; the gallbladder’s role is storage/release of bile, not direct digestion.
C. To produce bile
To produce bile: the liver produces bile; the gallbladder stores and concentrates it.
D. To store bile between meals
To store bile between meals: the gallbladder concentrates and stores bile and releases it into the duodenum when needed for fat digestion.
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Full Explanation
A. To make digestive enzymes: the gallbladder stores bile; it does not synthesize digestive enzymes (that’s mainly the pancreas and some glands).
B. To break down food into smaller molecules: mechanical/chemical digestion is done by enzymes and acids; the gallbladder’s role is storage/release of bile, not direct digestion.
C. To produce bile: the liver produces bile; the gallbladder stores and concentrates it.
D. To store bile between meals: the gallbladder concentrates and stores bile and releases it into the duodenum when needed for fat digestion.
Similar Questions
Where are haustra found?
A. Large intestine
Large intestine: haustra are sac-like pouches formed by taeniae coli in the large intestine (colon).
B. Pancreas
Pancreas: the pancreas is a glandular organ and does not have haustra.
C. Small intestine
Small intestine: the small intestine has plicae circulares and villi, not haustra.
D. Stomach
Stomach: the stomach has rugae (folds) but not haustra.
Full Explanation
A. Large intestine: haustra are sac-like pouches formed by taeniae coli in the large intestine (colon).
B. Pancreas: the pancreas is a glandular organ and does not have haustra.
C. Small intestine: the small intestine has plicae circulares and villi, not haustra.
D. Stomach: the stomach has rugae (folds) but not haustra.
Which of the following is not a function of the liver?
A. Maintaining blood glucose concentration
Maintaining blood glucose concentration: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver stores glycogen and performs gluconeogenesis to regulate blood glucose.
B. Secretion of bile
Secretion of bile: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver synthesizes and secretes bile.
C. Formation of urea
Formation of urea: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver converts ammonia to urea (urea cycle).
D. Secretion of insulin
Secretion of insulin: insulin is produced and secreted by the pancreatic β-cells, not the liver, so this is not a liver function.
Full Explanation
A. Maintaining blood glucose concentration: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver stores glycogen and performs gluconeogenesis to regulate blood glucose.
B. Secretion of bile: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver synthesizes and secretes bile.
C. Formation of urea: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver converts ammonia to urea (urea cycle).
D. Secretion of insulin: insulin is produced and secreted by the pancreatic β-cells, not the liver, so this is not a liver function.
If you take a piece of white bread and chew it slowly for a long period of time, the flavor will become very sweet. This is due to the starch molecules in the bread being digested into smaller sugars that trigger a sweet sensation. Which substance is responsible for this breakdown?
A. Pepsin
Pepsin: pepsin is a stomach protease that digests proteins, not starch.
B. Mucus
Mucus: mucus lubricates and protects tissues but does not chemically digest starch.
C. Salivary amylase
Salivary amylase: salivary amylase (ptyalin) begins starch digestion in the mouth, producing maltose/oligosaccharides that taste sweet.
D. Bicarbonate ions
Bicarbonate ions: bicarbonate neutralizes acid but does not break down starch.
Full Explanation
A. Pepsin: pepsin is a stomach protease that digests proteins, not starch.
B. Mucus: mucus lubricates and protects tissues but does not chemically digest starch.
C. Salivary amylase: salivary amylase (ptyalin) begins starch digestion in the mouth, producing maltose/oligosaccharides that taste sweet.
D. Bicarbonate ions: bicarbonate neutralizes acid but does not break down starch.