Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
Which statement describes the trachea?
A. It is lined with simple squamous epithelium.
It is lined with simple squamous epithelium: The trachea is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, not simple squamous
B. It contains no air-filtering mechanisms.
It contains no air-filtering mechanisms: the trachea has mucus and ciliated cells that trap and move particles (air-filtering mechanisms present)
C. It is comprised of C-shaped cartilage rings.
It is comprised of C-shaped cartilage rings: The trachea is supported anteriorly by C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings that keep the airway open
D. It is a passageway for food and for air.
It is a passageway for food and for air: The trachea is only an air passageway; the esophagus transports food
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Anatomy and physiology proctored exam (Ivy college). Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A. It is lined with simple squamous epithelium: The trachea is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, not simple squamous
B. It contains no air-filtering mechanisms: the trachea has mucus and ciliated cells that trap and move particles (air-filtering mechanisms present)
C. It is comprised of C-shaped cartilage rings: The trachea is supported anteriorly by C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings that keep the airway open
D. It is a passageway for food and for air: The trachea is only an air passageway; the esophagus transports food
Similar Questions
What changes occur as the respiratory tract branches into smaller and smaller tubes?
A. Their epithelial lining changes to connective tissue.
Their epithelial lining changes to connective tissue. -The lining transitions from pseudostratified ciliated columnar to cuboidal to simple squamous, but never connective tissue.
B. Their epithelial lining becomes thinner.
Their epithelial lining becomes thinner. -This thinning allows efficient gas exchange at the alveolar level.
C. They have relatively thicker epithelial lining.
They have relatively thicker epithelial lining. -The epithelium actually becomes progressively thinner.
D. They have relatively more cartilage.
They have relatively more cartilage. -Cartilage decreases as bronchi branch into bronchioles, disappearing entirely in terminal bronchioles.
Full Explanation
A. Their epithelial lining changes to connective tissue. -The lining transitions from pseudostratified ciliated columnar to cuboidal to simple squamous, but never connective tissue.
B. Their epithelial lining becomes thinner. -This thinning allows efficient gas exchange at the alveolar level.
C. They have relatively thicker epithelial lining. -The epithelium actually becomes progressively thinner.
D. They have relatively more cartilage. -Cartilage decreases as bronchi branch into bronchioles, disappearing entirely in terminal bronchioles.
The presence of which of the following, in the alveoli ensure that particles brought in with inhaled air are removed?
A. macrophages
Macrophages -Alveolar macrophages (dust cells) engulf debris, dust, and pathogens.
B. surfactant
Surfactant -Surfactant reduces surface tension, preventing alveolar collapse, but does not remove particles.
C. antibodies
Antibodies -Antibodies neutralize pathogens but do not actively remove inhaled particles.
D. lymphocytes
Lymphocytes -Lymphocytes mediate immune responses but are not the main mechanism for clearing inhaled debris.
Full Explanation
A. Macrophages -Alveolar macrophages (dust cells) engulf debris, dust, and pathogens.
B. Surfactant -Surfactant reduces surface tension, preventing alveolar collapse, but does not remove particles.
C. Antibodies -Antibodies neutralize pathogens but do not actively remove inhaled particles.
D. Lymphocytes -Lymphocytes mediate immune responses but are not the main mechanism for clearing inhaled debris.
Where are the respiratory control areas located?
A. Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus -The hypothalamus regulates autonomic functions like temperature, but not primary breathing rhythms.
B. Pons and medulla oblongata
Pons and medulla oblongata -The medulla sets the basic rhythm of breathing, and the pons fine-tunes it.
C. Alveoli
Alveoli -Alveoli are sites of gas exchange, not neural control.
D. Cerebral cortex
Cerebral cortex -The cortex allows voluntary control of breathing but is not the main respiratory control center.
Full Explanation
A. Hypothalamus -The hypothalamus regulates autonomic functions like temperature, but not primary breathing rhythms.
B. Pons and medulla oblongata -The medulla sets the basic rhythm of breathing, and the pons fine-tunes it.
C. Alveoli -Alveoli are sites of gas exchange, not neural control.
D. Cerebral cortex -The cortex allows voluntary control of breathing but is not the main respiratory control center.