Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A. antipsychotic agent
An antipsychotic agent, particularly first-generation antipsychotics, can cause extrapyramidal symptoms such as tremors, drooling, gait changes, and spasms due to their dopamine-blocking effects in the brain.
B. antidiabetic agent
An antidiabetic agent does not typically cause these neurological symptoms; its primary effects are related to glucose metabolism.
C. general anesthetic
A general anesthetic is used to induce unconsciousness and does not generally result in muscular tremors or drooling.
D. anticholinergic agent
An anticholinergic agent can cause side effects like dry mouth and constipation but does not typically lead to the muscular symptoms described; in fact, it may reduce drooling.
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Full Explanation
A. An antipsychotic agent, particularly first-generation antipsychotics, can cause extrapyramidal symptoms such as tremors, drooling, gait changes, and spasms due to their dopamine-blocking effects in the brain.
B. An antidiabetic agent does not typically cause these neurological symptoms; its primary effects are related to glucose metabolism.
C. A general anesthetic is used to induce unconsciousness and does not generally result in muscular tremors or drooling.
D. An anticholinergic agent can cause side effects like dry mouth and constipation but does not typically lead to the muscular symptoms described; in fact, it may reduce drooling.
Similar Questions
A client has been prescribed an oral drug that is known to have a high first-pass effect. Which measure has the potential to increase the amount of the free drug that is available to body cells?
A. giving the drug with food in order to delay absorption
Giving the drug with food may delay absorption but does not affect the extent of the first-pass effect.
B. administering the drug in small, frequent doses
Administering the drug in small, frequent doses may help maintain therapeutic levels but will not significantly alter the first-pass effect.
C. limiting the client's protein intake and encouraging fluids
Limiting protein intake could reduce drug binding to proteins, but this is not a standard approach for managing first-pass metabolism.
D. administering the drug intravenously rather than orally
Administering the drug intravenously bypasses the gastrointestinal tract and liver, avoiding the first-pass effect, thereby increasing the amount of free drug available to body cells.
Full Explanation
A. Giving the drug with food may delay absorption but does not affect the extent of the first-pass effect.
B. Administering the drug in small, frequent doses may help maintain therapeutic levels but will not significantly alter the first-pass effect.
C. Limiting protein intake could reduce drug binding to proteins, but this is not a standard approach for managing first-pass metabolism.
D. Administering the drug intravenously bypasses the gastrointestinal tract and liver, avoiding the first-pass effect, thereby increasing the amount of free drug available to body cells.
A patient asks how metformin works to control blood sugar. What is the nurse's best response?
A. "Metformin stimulates the pancreas to produce more insulin."
Metformin does not stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin; that action is characteristic of sulfonylureas.
B. "Metformin increases the absorption of glucose in the intestines."
Metformin does not increase the absorption of glucose in the intestines; rather, it works by reducing the amount of glucose released into the bloodstream.
C. "Metformin decreases glucose production in the liver and improves insulin sensitivity."
Metformin primarily decreases glucose production in the liver and improves insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, which helps lower blood sugar levels. This makes it effective for managing type 2 diabetes.
D. "Metformin decreases the breakdown of fat in the body."
While metformin can have effects on fat metabolism, its primary action is not to decrease fat breakdown but to manage blood glucose levels.
Full Explanation
A. Metformin does not stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin; that action is characteristic of sulfonylureas.
B. Metformin does not increase the absorption of glucose in the intestines; rather, it works by reducing the amount of glucose released into the bloodstream.
C. Metformin primarily decreases glucose production in the liver and improves insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, which helps lower blood sugar levels. This makes it effective for managing type 2 diabetes.
D. While metformin can have effects on fat metabolism, its primary action is not to decrease fat breakdown but to manage blood glucose levels.
Interpret and spell the abbreviation: tid
Enter the word only.
Full Explanation
Correct answer is three times a day.