Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is caring for a client in the clinic who has a distended bladder with discomfort over the area and a sense of fullness. Which of the following tests should the nurse expect the health care provider to order to determine if the client has urinary retention? (Select all that apply.)
A. Postvoid urine residual measurement
Postvoid urine residual measurement is a direct method to assess for urinary retention.
B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels may indicate kidney function but not specifically urinary retention.
C. Cystourethrogram
A cystourethrogram is used to visualize the bladder and urethra, which may not be the first choice for assessing urinary retention.
D. Creatinine
Creatinine levels indicate kidney function but not urinary retention.
E. Kidney, ureter, bladder (KUB) x-ray
A kidney, ureter, bladder (KUB) x-ray can show the size of the bladder and may indicate retention.
F. Bladder scan
A bladder scan is a non-invasive way to measure the amount of urine in the bladder and assess for retention.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Ati Med Surg Proctored Exam 2. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Postvoid urine residual measurement is a direct method to assess for urinary retention.
Choice B reason: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels may indicate kidney function but not specifically urinary retention.
Choice C reason: A cystourethrogram is used to visualize the bladder and urethra, which may not be the first choice for assessing urinary retention.
Choice D reason: Creatinine levels indicate kidney function but not urinary retention.
Choice E reason: A kidney, ureter, bladder (KUB) x-ray can show the size of the bladder and may indicate retention.
Choice F reason: A bladder scan is a non-invasive way to measure the amount of urine in the bladder and assess for
retention.
Similar Questions
A nurse is performing an assessment of a female client in the clinic. The client reports foul-smelling urine and pain with urination. The client states, "I bet I have a UTI. Why do I tend to get urinary tract infections?" Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the explanation?
A. "If you take too many showers, you are more susceptible to getting a UTI because you are washing o? the protective bacteria."
Taking too many showers does not increase susceptibility to UTIs by washing o? protective bacteria. This is a misconception.
B. "As a female, you have a shorter urethra, creating an easier way for bacteria to invade your bladder."
Females do have a shorter urethra than males, which makes it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder and cause infections.
C. "As a female, you have more E. coli in your gastrointestinal system that can enter the bladder through your urethra."
While E. coli is a common bacteria causing UTIs, stating that females have more E. coli is incorrect and not a reason for increased UTIs.
D. "At your age, you have more sexual intercourse than older females, making you more likely to get a UTI."
Sexual activity can increase the risk of UTIs, but it is not appropriate to assume that the client's age correlates with increased sexual activity.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Taking too many showers does not increase susceptibility to UTIs by washing o? protective bacteria. This is a misconception.
Choice B reason: Females do have a shorter urethra than males, which makes it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder and cause infections.
Choice C reason: While E. coli is a common bacteria causing UTIs, stating that females have more E. coli is incorrect and not a reason for increased UTIs.
Choice D reason: Sexual activity can increase the risk of UTIs, but it is not appropriate to assume that the client's age correlates with increased sexual activity.
A nurse is admitting a client who has pyelonephritis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to be present during the assessment? (Select all that apply.)
A. Frothy urine
Frothy urine is not a typical symptom of pyelonephritis; it is more associated with proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome.
B. Lower abdominal pain
Lower abdominal pain can be a symptom of pyelonephritis due to in?ammation and infection in the kidneys.
C. Hypertension
Hypertension is not a direct symptom of pyelonephritis, although it can be associated with chronic kidney disease.
D. Fish-type urine odor
A fish-type urine odor can be present in pyelonephritis due to the presence of bacteria.
E. Mental confusion
Mental confusion can occur, especially in severe cases or in elderly patients with pyelonephritis.
F. Weak urine stream
A weak urine stream may be present if there is swelling or obstruction in the urinary tract due to infection.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Frothy urine is not a typical symptom of pyelonephritis; it is more associated with proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome.
Choice B reason: Lower abdominal pain can be a symptom of pyelonephritis due to in?ammation and infection in the kidneys.
Choice C reason: Hypertension is not a direct symptom of pyelonephritis, although it can be associated with chronic kidney disease.
Choice D reason: A fish-type urine odor can be present in pyelonephritis due to the presence of bacteria.
Choice E reason: Mental confusion can occur, especially in severe cases or in elderly patients with pyelonephritis.
Choice F reason: A weak urine stream may be present if there is swelling or obstruction in the urinary tract due to infection.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I should increase my sodium intake."
Clients with nephrotic syndrome are usually advised to decrease sodium intake to manage edema, not increase it.
B. "I should expect my provider to prescribe a kidney biopsy."
A kidney biopsy may be prescribed to determine the cause of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement does not indicate a need for further teaching.
C. "I can expect to have swelling in my face."
Swelling, particularly in the face, is a common symptom of nephrotic syndrome due to fluid retention.
D. "I will lose protein in my urine."
Losing protein in the urine is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement is accurate.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Clients with nephrotic syndrome are usually advised to decrease sodium intake to manage edema, not increase it.
Choice B reason: A kidney biopsy may be prescribed to determine the cause of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement does not indicate a need for further teaching.
Choice C reason: Swelling, particularly in the face, is a common symptom of nephrotic syndrome due to fluid retention.
Choice D reason: Losing protein in the urine is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement is accurate.