Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
A nurse is performing an assessment of a female client in the clinic. The client reports foul-smelling urine and pain with urination. The client states, "I bet I have a UTI. Why do I tend to get urinary tract infections?" Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the explanation?
A. "If you take too many showers, you are more susceptible to getting a UTI because you are washing o? the protective bacteria."
Taking too many showers does not increase susceptibility to UTIs by washing o? protective bacteria. This is a misconception.
B. "As a female, you have a shorter urethra, creating an easier way for bacteria to invade your bladder."
Females do have a shorter urethra than males, which makes it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder and cause infections.
C. "As a female, you have more E. coli in your gastrointestinal system that can enter the bladder through your urethra."
While E. coli is a common bacteria causing UTIs, stating that females have more E. coli is incorrect and not a reason for increased UTIs.
D. "At your age, you have more sexual intercourse than older females, making you more likely to get a UTI."
Sexual activity can increase the risk of UTIs, but it is not appropriate to assume that the client's age correlates with increased sexual activity.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Ati Med Surg Proctored Exam 2. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Taking too many showers does not increase susceptibility to UTIs by washing o? protective bacteria. This is a misconception.
Choice B reason: Females do have a shorter urethra than males, which makes it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder and cause infections.
Choice C reason: While E. coli is a common bacteria causing UTIs, stating that females have more E. coli is incorrect and not a reason for increased UTIs.
Choice D reason: Sexual activity can increase the risk of UTIs, but it is not appropriate to assume that the client's age correlates with increased sexual activity.
Similar Questions
A nurse is admitting a client who has pyelonephritis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to be present during the assessment? (Select all that apply.)
A. Frothy urine
Frothy urine is not a typical symptom of pyelonephritis; it is more associated with proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome.
B. Lower abdominal pain
Lower abdominal pain can be a symptom of pyelonephritis due to in?ammation and infection in the kidneys.
C. Hypertension
Hypertension is not a direct symptom of pyelonephritis, although it can be associated with chronic kidney disease.
D. Fish-type urine odor
A fish-type urine odor can be present in pyelonephritis due to the presence of bacteria.
E. Mental confusion
Mental confusion can occur, especially in severe cases or in elderly patients with pyelonephritis.
F. Weak urine stream
A weak urine stream may be present if there is swelling or obstruction in the urinary tract due to infection.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Frothy urine is not a typical symptom of pyelonephritis; it is more associated with proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome.
Choice B reason: Lower abdominal pain can be a symptom of pyelonephritis due to in?ammation and infection in the kidneys.
Choice C reason: Hypertension is not a direct symptom of pyelonephritis, although it can be associated with chronic kidney disease.
Choice D reason: A fish-type urine odor can be present in pyelonephritis due to the presence of bacteria.
Choice E reason: Mental confusion can occur, especially in severe cases or in elderly patients with pyelonephritis.
Choice F reason: A weak urine stream may be present if there is swelling or obstruction in the urinary tract due to infection.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I should increase my sodium intake."
Clients with nephrotic syndrome are usually advised to decrease sodium intake to manage edema, not increase it.
B. "I should expect my provider to prescribe a kidney biopsy."
A kidney biopsy may be prescribed to determine the cause of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement does not indicate a need for further teaching.
C. "I can expect to have swelling in my face."
Swelling, particularly in the face, is a common symptom of nephrotic syndrome due to fluid retention.
D. "I will lose protein in my urine."
Losing protein in the urine is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement is accurate.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Clients with nephrotic syndrome are usually advised to decrease sodium intake to manage edema, not increase it.
Choice B reason: A kidney biopsy may be prescribed to determine the cause of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement does not indicate a need for further teaching.
Choice C reason: Swelling, particularly in the face, is a common symptom of nephrotic syndrome due to fluid retention.
Choice D reason: Losing protein in the urine is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement is accurate.
A nurse is gathering medical history from a client admited for pyelonephritis. Which of the following should the nurse expect the client to report when asked about their medical history?
A. The client states that they consume a high calcium diet and have had high calcium in their blood.
A high calcium diet and high blood calcium levels are not directly related to pyelonephritis.
B. The client reports that they had two urinary tract infections (UTI) in the past 10 months.
Recurrent UTIs can lead to pyelonephritis, especially if the infections ascend to the kidneys.
C. The client reports that they took a lot of ibuprofen for arthritis for many years.
Long-term use of ibuprofen can affect kidney function but is not a direct cause of pyelonephritis.
D. The client states that they remember their mother saying their grandmother had this same genetic disease.
Genetic diseases can affect kidney health, but there is no common genetic disease that directly causes pyelonephritis.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: A high calcium diet and high blood calcium levels are not directly related to pyelonephritis.
Choice B reason: Recurrent UTIs can lead to pyelonephritis, especially if the infections ascend to the kidneys.
Choice C reason: Long-term use of ibuprofen can affect kidney function but is not a direct cause of pyelonephritis.
Choice D reason: Genetic diseases can affect kidney health, but there is no common genetic disease that directly causes pyelonephritis.