Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
On assessment, the school nurse notes that the child has a rash. The nurse suspects that the child has erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). because the skin assessment revealed a rash that has which characteristics?
A. A highly pruritic profuse macule to papule rash on the trunk
A highly pruritic profuse macule to papule rash on the trunkExplanation: This description does not fit the typical characteristics of erythema infectiosum. Fifth disease is not typically associated with a highly pruritic rash.
B. A discrete pinkish red maculopapular rash that is spreading to the trunk
A discrete pinkish red maculopapular rash that is spreading to the trunkExplanation: While erythema infectiosum does involve a rash that can spread to the trunk, the distinctive "slapped face" appearance is a key characteristic that is not captured in this option.
C. An erythema on the face that has a "slapped face appearance
An erythema on the face that has a "slapped face" appearance. Explanation:Erythema infectiosum, commonly known as fifth disease or slapped cheek syndrome, is characterized by a distinctive facial rash that gives the appearance of a "slapped face." The rash typically starts on the face and then spreads to the trunk and extremities. It often begins with erythema on the cheeks, giving the child a flushed or slapped appearance, followed by a discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk.
D. A discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk
A discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk Explanation: This description fits the typical characteristics of the rash seen in erythema infectiosum, but the key identifier is the "slapped face" appearance on the face.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - ATI RN Paediatric Assessment Proctored Exam 2022. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A. A highly pruritic profuse macule to papule rash on the trunk
Explanation: This description does not fit the typical characteristics of erythema infectiosum. Fifth disease is not typically associated with a highly pruritic rash.
B. A discrete pinkish red maculopapular rash that is spreading to the trunk
Explanation: While erythema infectiosum does involve a rash that can spread to the trunk, the distinctive "slapped face" appearance is a key characteristic that is not captured in this option.
C. An erythema on the face that has a "slapped face" appearance.
Explanation:
Erythema infectiosum, commonly known as fifth disease or slapped cheek syndrome, is characterized by a distinctive facial rash that gives the appearance of a "slapped face." The rash typically starts on the face and then spreads to the trunk and extremities. It often begins with erythema on the cheeks, giving the child a flushed or slapped appearance, followed by a discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk.
D. A discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk
Explanation: This description fits the typical characteristics of the rash seen in erythema infectiosum, but the key identifier is the "slapped face" appearance on the face.
Similar Questions
The parents of a 10-year-old child in remission from leukemia are upset over the appearance of cushingoid characteristics in the child from long- term use of corticosteroids, currently being administered every other day. Which therapeutic statements would the nurse make to the parents about the cushingoid appearance? Select all that apply.
A. The manifestations are lessened by taking the prednisone every other day Instead of daily."
"The manifestations are lessened by taking the prednisone every other day instead of daily."Explanation: Cushingoid characteristics can be related to prolonged corticosteroid use. Adjusting the dosing schedule, such as administering prednisone every other day instead of daily, may help minimize these manifestations.
B. "You need to be sure to talk to the doctor about the cushingold characteristics."
"You need to be sure to talk to the doctor about the Cushingoid characteristics."Explanation: Open communication with the healthcare provider is crucial. Discussing the concerns about Cushingoid characteristics with the doctor allows for appropriate evaluation and potential adjustments to the treatment plan.
C. Which manifestations of this condition do you find mest troublesome?
"Which manifestations of this condition do you find most troublesome?"Explanation: This question opens the discussion to identify specific concerns and allows the nurse to address them individually.
D. "I am sure it will be all right they hardly look unusual
"I am sure it will be all right; they hardly look unusual."Explanation: This statement may downplay the parents' concerns. It's essential to acknowledge their worries and provide accurate information about the potential impact of corticosteroids and the plan for managing Cushingoid characteristics.
E. The cushingoid appearance will gradually disappear once the corticosteroids are tapered and discontinued."
Explanation: Cushingoid characteristics are associated with the side effects of corticosteroid use. The nurse should provide reassurance that, in many cases, these characteristics can gradually improve once the corticosteroid dose is tapered and eventually discontinued.
Full Explanation
A."The manifestations are lessened by taking the prednisone every other day instead of daily."
Explanation: Cushingoid characteristics can be related to prolonged corticosteroid use. Adjusting the dosing schedule, such as administering prednisone every other day instead of daily, may help minimize these manifestations.
B."You need to be sure to talk to the doctor about the Cushingoid characteristics."
Explanation: Open communication with the healthcare provider is crucial. Discussing the concerns about Cushingoid characteristics with the doctor allows for appropriate evaluation and potential adjustments to the treatment plan.
C."Which manifestations of this condition do you find most troublesome?"
Explanation: This question opens the discussion to identify specific concerns and allows the nurse to address them individually.
D."I am sure it will be all right; they hardly look unusual."
Explanation: This statement may downplay the parents' concerns. It's essential to acknowledge their worries and provide accurate information about the potential impact of corticosteroids and the plan for managing Cushingoid characteristics.
E."The Cushingoid appearance will gradually disappear once the corticosteroids are tapered and discontinued."
Explanation: Cushingoid characteristics are associated with the side effects of corticosteroid use. The nurse should provide reassurance that, in many cases, these characteristics can gradually improve once the corticosteroid dose is tapered and eventually discontinued.
The nurse provides home care instructions to the parents of a child with celiac disease. The nurse would teach the parents to include which food item in the child's diet?
A. Rye toast
Rye toastExplanation: Rye contains gluten, so it is not appropriate for individuals with celiac disease. Rye, like wheat and barley, should be avoided.
B. Rice
Rice Explanation:Celiac disease is a condition characterized by an immune reaction to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Therefore, individuals with celiac disease need to avoid gluten-containing foods. Rice is naturally gluten-free, making it a suitable and safe option for individuals with celiac disease.
C. wheat bread
Wheat breadExplanation: Wheat contains gluten, and products made from wheat, including wheat bread, should be strictly avoided by individuals with celiac disease.
D. Oatmeal
Oatmeal Explanation: Oats themselves are gluten-free, but they are often contaminated with gluten during processing. Some individuals with celiac disease can tolerate pure, uncontaminated oats, while others may need to avoid oats altogether. It is important to choose certified gluten-free oats if including them in the diet.
Full Explanation
A. Rye toast
Explanation: Rye contains gluten, so it is not appropriate for individuals with celiac disease. Rye, like wheat and barley, should be avoided.
B. Rice
Explanation:
Celiac disease is a condition characterized by an immune reaction to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Therefore, individuals with celiac disease need to avoid gluten-containing foods. Rice is naturally gluten-free, making it a suitable and safe option for individuals with celiac disease.
C. Wheat bread
Explanation: Wheat contains gluten, and products made from wheat, including wheat bread, should be strictly avoided by individuals with celiac disease.
D. Oatmeal
Explanation: Oats themselves are gluten-free, but they are often contaminated with gluten during processing. Some individuals with celiac disease can tolerate pure, uncontaminated oats, while others may need to avoid oats altogether. It is important to choose certified gluten-free oats if including them in the diet.
The nurse is preparing to care for a child with a diagnosis of intussusception. The nurse reviews the child's record and expects to note which sign of this disorder documented?
A. Ribbon-like stools
Ribbon-like stoolsExplanation: Ribbon-like or pencil-thin stools are associated with conditions affecting the rectum, such as colorectal cancer, but they are not a typical sign of intussusception.
B. Profuse projectile vomiting
Profuse projectile vomitingExplanation: Profuse projectile vomiting is not a typical sign of intussusception. Vomiting may occur, but it is not the primary characteristic feature.
C. Bright red blood and mucus in the stools
Bright red blood and mucus in the stools Explanation:Intussusception is a condition in which one part of the intestine slides into another, causing a blockage. One of the classic signs of intussusception is the presence of "currant jelly" stools, which are characterized by a mixture of bright red blood and mucus in the stools. This occurs due to the compression of the blood vessels in the intestine, leading to bleeding and mucosal discharge.
D. Watery diarrhea
Watery diarrhea Explanation: Watery diarrhea is not a typical sign of intussusception. The condition is more commonly associated with abdominal pain, vomiting, and the characteristic "currant jelly" stools.
Full Explanation
A. Ribbon-like stools
Explanation: Ribbon-like or pencil-thin stools are associated with conditions affecting the rectum, such as colorectal cancer, but they are not a typical sign of intussusception.
B. Profuse projectile vomiting
Explanation: Profuse projectile vomiting is not a typical sign of intussusception. Vomiting may occur, but it is not the primary characteristic feature.
C. Bright red blood and mucus in the stools
Explanation:
Intussusception is a condition in which one part of the intestine slides into another, causing a blockage. One of the classic signs of intussusception is the presence of "currant jelly" stools, which are characterized by a mixture of bright red blood and mucus in the stools. This occurs due to the compression of the blood vessels in the intestine, leading to bleeding and mucosal discharge.
D. Watery diarrhea
Explanation: Watery diarrhea is not a typical sign of intussusception. The condition is more commonly associated with abdominal pain, vomiting, and the characteristic "currant jelly" stools.
