Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
Upon physical examination, the nurse detects abdominal tenderness, increased bowel sounds accompanied by signs of borborygmi, abdominal distension, and tympany on percussion. Which diagnostic test will confirm Crohn's disease in the client?
A. an exam used to detect and help your doctor view the inside of your body without having to make an incision or invasion. This can help them diagnose, monitor, and treat many medical conditions
This is a general description of an imaging test, such as an X-ray, ultrasound, or MRI, which can show the structure of the organs but not the mucosal lining.
B. an exam used to detect and help your doctor look for a range of disorders and conditions, screen for diseases and adjust treatments, measures and counts your blood cells.
This is a general description of a blood test, which can show signs of infection, inflammation, or anemia, but not the cause of these problems.
C. an exam used to detect and help your doctor view changes or abnormalities in the large intestine and rectum.
This exam is called a colonoscopy, which involves inserting a flexible tube with a camera and light into the anus and advancing it through the colon. A colonoscopy can reveal signs of inflammation, ulcers, bleeding, or narrowing of the intestinal wall that are characteristic of Crohn's disease. A biopsy can also be taken during the procedure to confirm the diagnosis.
D. an exam used to detect and help your doctor view for things cannot be seen with the naked eye, including red blood cells, white blood cells (or pus cells), bacteria (germs), or crystals.
This is a general description of a urine test, which can show signs of kidney problems, urinary tract infections, or dehydration, but not Crohn's disease.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Interprofessional Care of the Client and Family Across the Lifespan II Proctored Exam. Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale: This is a general description of an imaging test, such as an X-ray, ultrasound, or MRI, which can show the structure of the organs but not the mucosal lining.
Choice B rationale: This is a general description of a blood test, which can show signs of infection, inflammation, or anemia, but not the cause of these problems.
Choice C rationale: This exam is called a colonoscopy, which involves inserting a flexible tube with a camera and light into the anus and advancing it through the colon. A colonoscopy can reveal signs of inflammation, ulcers, bleeding, or narrowing of the intestinal wall that are characteristic of Crohn's disease. A biopsy can also be taken during the procedure to confirm the diagnosis.
Choice D rationale: This is a general description of a urine test, which can show signs of kidney problems, urinary tract infections, or dehydration, but not Crohn's disease.
Similar Questions
Your patient has complaints of severe right-sided flank pain, nausea, vomiting and restlessness. He appears slightly pale and is diaphoretic. Vital signs are BP 140/90 mmHg, Pulse 118 beats/min., respirations 33 breaths/minute, and temperature, 98.0F. Which subjective data supports a diagnosis of renal calculi?
A. History of mild flu symptoms last week.
This is not relevant to the current condition of the patient and does not support a diagnosis of renal calculi.
B. Dark-colored coffee-ground emesis.
This is a sign of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, which can have many causes such as peptic ulcer, gastritis or esophageal varices. It is not related to renal calculi or urinary tract problems.
C. Pain radiating to the right upper quadrant.
Renal calculi usually causes pain which usually radiates anteriorly to the lower abdomen, groin, labia, testicles or the perineum depending on the location of the stone.
D. Dark, scanty urine output.
This is a sign of hematuria, which is blood in the urine caused by the passage of renal calculi (kidney stones) through the urinary tract. Hematuria can also cause the urine to appear dark or brown in color.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale: This is not relevant to the current condition of the patient and does not support a diagnosis of renal calculi.
Choice B rationale: This is a sign of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, which can have many causes such as peptic ulcer, gastritis or esophageal varices. It is not related to renal calculi or urinary tract problems.
Choice C rationale: Renal calculi usually causes pain which usually radiates anteriorly to the lower abdomen, groin, labia, testicles or the perineum depending on the location of the stone.
Choice D rationale: This is a sign of hematuria, which is blood in the urine caused by the passage of renal calculi (kidney stones) through the urinary tract. Hematuria can also cause the urine to appear dark or brown in color.
A client has received vasopressin for diabetes insipidus. Which assessment finding indicates the most therapeutic response to this therapy?
A. Urine output has increased; specific gravity has decreased.
This is a sign of worsening diabetes insipidus.
B. Urine output has increased; specific gravity has increased.
This shows signs of overhydration, as urine output is high and specific gravity is high.
C. Urine output has decreased; specific gravity has decreased.
This is a sign of worsening diabetes insipidus.
D. Urine output has decreased; specific gravity has increased.
Vasopressin is a hormone that helps the kidneys retain water and concentrate urine. Diabetes insipidus is a condition where the body does not produce enough vasopressin or does not respond to it, resulting in excessive urination and diluted urine. The goal of vasopressin therapy is to reduce urine output and increase urine concentration, which indicates that the kidneys are functioning properly and the body is hydrated.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale: This is a sign of worsening diabetes insipidus.
Choice B rationale: This shows signs of overhydration, as urine output is high and specific gravity is high.
Choice C rationale: This is a sign of worsening diabetes insipidus.
Choice D rationale: Vasopressin is a hormone that helps the kidneys retain water and concentrate urine. Diabetes insipidus is a condition where the body does not produce enough vasopressin or does not respond to it, resulting in excessive urination and diluted urine. The goal of vasopressin therapy is to reduce urine output and increase urine concentration, which indicates that the kidneys are functioning properly and the body is hydrated.
The nurse exploring cranial nerves function and observes the following reaction: The nurse documents that the client has a:
A. Left VII cranial nerve paralysis
This is not accurate since the manifestations of facial nerve paralysis are observed on the contralateral side which in this case is the left side of the face hence the right facial nerve is paralyzed.
B. Right Vll cranial nerve paralysis
Facial nerve paralysis cause symptoms such as drooping of the eyelid, cheek or mouth as depicted in the above picture. The right facial nerve is paralyzed since the nerve innervates the contralateral side hence the effects are demonstrated on the left side of the face.
C. Right V cranial nerve paralysis
trigeminal nerve paralysis causes symptoms such as weakness in muscles of mastication, altered sensation over the face and tongue, and hearing impairment and not the symptoms depicted above.
D. Left V cranial nerve paralysis
trigeminal nerve paralysis causes symptoms such as weakness in muscles of mastication, altered sensation over the face and tongue, and hearing impairment and not the symptoms depicted above.
Full Explanation
Choice A rationale: This is not accurate since the manifestations of facial nerve paralysis are observed on the contralateral side which in this case is the left side of the face hence the right facial nerve is paralyzed.
Choice B rationale: Facial nerve paralysis cause symptoms such as drooping of the eyelid, cheek or mouth as depicted in the above picture. The right facial nerve is paralyzed since the nerve innervates the contralateral side hence the effects are demonstrated on the
left side of the face.
Choice C rationale: trigeminal nerve paralysis causes symptoms such as weakness in muscles of mastication, altered sensation over the face and tongue, and hearing impairment and not the symptoms depicted above.
Choice D rationale: trigeminal nerve paralysis causes symptoms such as weakness in muscles of mastication, altered sensation over the face and tongue, and hearing impairment and not the symptoms depicted above.