Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
What are the major chemical buffer systems of the body?
A. The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein
The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein: The major chemical buffer systems in the body are the bicarbonate buffer system, the phosphate buffer system, and the protein buffer system. These buffers help maintain pH balance in the blood and other fluids.
B. The urinary and digestive
The urinary and digestive: The urinary and digestive systems are involved in excretion and digestion, not buffering.
C. The bicarbonate, nucleic acids, and protein
The bicarbonate, nucleic acids, and protein: Nucleic acids are not major buffering systems in the body; the bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein systems are the primary ones.
D. The urinary and respiratory
The urinary and respiratory systems play roles in regulating acid-base balance through excretion and gas exchange but are not chemical buffer systems themselves.
This question is an excerpt from Nurse Dive's nursing test bank - Anatomy and physiology proctored exam ( hellen fluid college). Take the full exam now
Full Explanation
A. The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein: The major chemical buffer systems in the body are the bicarbonate buffer system, the phosphate buffer system, and the protein buffer system. These buffers help maintain pH balance in the blood and other fluids.
B. The urinary and digestive: The urinary and digestive systems are involved in excretion and digestion, not buffering.
C. The bicarbonate, nucleic acids, and protein: Nucleic acids are not major buffering systems in the body; the bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein systems are the primary ones.
D. The urinary and respiratory systems play roles in regulating acid-base balance through excretion and gas exchange but are not chemical buffer systems themselves.
Similar Questions
What are the major chemical buffer systems of the body?
A. The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein
The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein: The major chemical buffer systems in the body are the bicarbonate buffer system, the phosphate buffer system, and the protein buffer system. These buffers help maintain pH balance in the blood and other fluids.
B. The urinary and digestive
The urinary and digestive: The urinary and digestive systems are involved in excretion and digestion, not buffering.
C. The bicarbonate, nucleic acids, and protein
The bicarbonate, nucleic acids, and protein: Nucleic acids are not major buffering systems in the body; the bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein systems are the primary ones.
D. The urinary and respiratory
The urinary and respiratory systems play roles in regulating acid-base balance through excretion and gas exchange but are not chemical buffer systems themselves.
Full Explanation
A. The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein: The major chemical buffer systems in the body are the bicarbonate buffer system, the phosphate buffer system, and the protein buffer system. These buffers help maintain pH balance in the blood and other fluids.
B. The urinary and digestive: The urinary and digestive systems are involved in excretion and digestion, not buffering.
C. The bicarbonate, nucleic acids, and protein: Nucleic acids are not major buffering systems in the body; the bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein systems are the primary ones.
D. The urinary and respiratory systems play roles in regulating acid-base balance through excretion and gas exchange but are not chemical buffer systems themselves.
What are the major chemical buffer systems of the body?
A. The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein
The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein: The major chemical buffer systems in the body are the bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein buffer systems.
B. glucose
Glucose is not a buffering system; it is a primary energy source.
C. magnesium
Magnesium is a mineral with various physiological roles but not a major chemical buffer system.
D. creatinine
Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism, not a buffer system.
Full Explanation
A. The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein: The major chemical buffer systems in the body are the bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein buffer systems.
B. Glucose is not a buffering system; it is a primary energy source.
C. Magnesium is a mineral with various physiological roles but not a major chemical buffer system.
D. Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism, not a buffer system.
A. The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein: The major chemical buffer systems in the body are the bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein buffer systems.
A. Glucose is not a buffering system; it is a primary energy source.
Tubuloglomerular feedback involves the macula densa sensing changes in sodium chloride concentration and adjusting the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) via the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
B. Magnesium is a mineral with various physiological roles but not a major chemical buffer system.
Renal autoregulation includes mechanisms like the myogenic mechanism and tubuloglomerular feedback that maintain stable GFR despite blood pressure changes. This option is too broad and not specific to the mechanism described.
C. Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism, not a buffer system.
The myogenic mechanism refers to the smooth muscle's tendency to contract when stretched, helping to stabilize GFR by adjusting the diameter of the afferent arterioles. This is the correct answer.
Full Explanation
A. Tubuloglomerular feedback involves the macula densa sensing changes in sodium chloride concentration and adjusting the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) via the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
B. Renal autoregulation includes mechanisms like the myogenic mechanism and tubuloglomerular feedback that maintain stable GFR despite blood pressure changes. This option is too broad and not specific to the mechanism described.
C. The myogenic mechanism refers to the smooth muscle's tendency to contract when stretched, helping to stabilize GFR by adjusting the diameter of the afferent arterioles. This is the correct answer.
D. Sympathetic control influences renal blood flow and GFR through hormonal and nervous system regulation, but it is not the specific mechanism described in the question.