Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
What is true for all of the enzymes that digest protein?
A. They are secreted in an inactive form.
They are secreted in an inactive form: major proteases of the GI tract (pepsinogen, trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, etc.) are secreted as zymogens (inactive precursors) to prevent autodigestion.
B. They are activated by HCI.
They are activated by HCl: pepsinogen is activated by HCl, but pancreatic proteases are activated by trypsin, not HCl, so this is not true for all protein-digesting enzymes.
C. They are secreted by the pancreas.
They are secreted by the pancreas: many proteases (e.g., pepsin) are secreted by the stomach, so not all are pancreatic.
D. Their release is stimulated by enterokinase.
Their release is stimulated by enterokinase: enterokinase (enteropeptidase) activates trypsinogen to trypsin in the small intestine but does not stimulate the release of all proteases; it is an activator, not a universal release stimulus.
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Full Explanation
A. They are secreted in an inactive form: major proteases of the GI tract (pepsinogen, trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, etc.) are secreted as zymogens (inactive precursors) to prevent autodigestion.
B. They are activated by HCl: pepsinogen is activated by HCl, but pancreatic proteases are activated by trypsin, not HCl, so this is not true for all protein-digesting enzymes.
C. They are secreted by the pancreas: many proteases (e.g., pepsin) are secreted by the stomach, so not all are pancreatic.
D. Their release is stimulated by enterokinase: enterokinase (enteropeptidase) activates trypsinogen to trypsin in the small intestine but does not stimulate the release of all proteases; it is an activator, not a universal release stimulus.
Similar Questions
What is the function of the gallbladder?
A. To make digestive enzymes
To make digestive enzymes: the gallbladder stores bile; it does not synthesize digestive enzymes (that’s mainly the pancreas and some glands).
B. To break down food into smaller molecules
To break down food into smaller molecules: mechanical/chemical digestion is done by enzymes and acids; the gallbladder’s role is storage/release of bile, not direct digestion.
C. To produce bile
To produce bile: the liver produces bile; the gallbladder stores and concentrates it.
D. To store bile between meals
To store bile between meals: the gallbladder concentrates and stores bile and releases it into the duodenum when needed for fat digestion.
Full Explanation
A. To make digestive enzymes: the gallbladder stores bile; it does not synthesize digestive enzymes (that’s mainly the pancreas and some glands).
B. To break down food into smaller molecules: mechanical/chemical digestion is done by enzymes and acids; the gallbladder’s role is storage/release of bile, not direct digestion.
C. To produce bile: the liver produces bile; the gallbladder stores and concentrates it.
D. To store bile between meals: the gallbladder concentrates and stores bile and releases it into the duodenum when needed for fat digestion.
Where are haustra found?
A. Large intestine
Large intestine: haustra are sac-like pouches formed by taeniae coli in the large intestine (colon).
B. Pancreas
Pancreas: the pancreas is a glandular organ and does not have haustra.
C. Small intestine
Small intestine: the small intestine has plicae circulares and villi, not haustra.
D. Stomach
Stomach: the stomach has rugae (folds) but not haustra.
Full Explanation
A. Large intestine: haustra are sac-like pouches formed by taeniae coli in the large intestine (colon).
B. Pancreas: the pancreas is a glandular organ and does not have haustra.
C. Small intestine: the small intestine has plicae circulares and villi, not haustra.
D. Stomach: the stomach has rugae (folds) but not haustra.
Which of the following is not a function of the liver?
A. Maintaining blood glucose concentration
Maintaining blood glucose concentration: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver stores glycogen and performs gluconeogenesis to regulate blood glucose.
B. Secretion of bile
Secretion of bile: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver synthesizes and secretes bile.
C. Formation of urea
Formation of urea: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver converts ammonia to urea (urea cycle).
D. Secretion of insulin
Secretion of insulin: insulin is produced and secreted by the pancreatic β-cells, not the liver, so this is not a liver function.
Full Explanation
A. Maintaining blood glucose concentration: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver stores glycogen and performs gluconeogenesis to regulate blood glucose.
B. Secretion of bile: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver synthesizes and secretes bile.
C. Formation of urea: Incorrect (this is a liver function) -the liver converts ammonia to urea (urea cycle).
D. Secretion of insulin: insulin is produced and secreted by the pancreatic β-cells, not the liver, so this is not a liver function.