Nursing practice questions with comprehensive rationales
NurseDive Free Nursing Practice Question
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
A. Communication
Communication is not a direct function of the skeletal system. While the skeletal system supports structures involved in communication (e.g., the skull housing the brain), it does not itself facilitate communication.
B. Support
Support is a primary function of the skeletal system. It provides a rigid framework that supports the body and maintains its shape.
C. Storage of minerals
The skeletal system stores essential minerals such as calcium and phosphate, which can be released into the bloodstream as needed.
D. Production of blood cells
Hematopoiesis, or the production of blood cells, occurs in the red bone marrow found within certain bones. This is a vital function of the skeletal system.
E. Anchorage for muscles
Bones serve as anchoring points for muscles, allowing movement through the leverage of joints and tendons.
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Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Communication is not a direct function of the skeletal system. While the skeletal system supports structures involved in communication (e.g., the skull housing the brain), it does not itself facilitate communication.
Choice B reason: Support is a primary function of the skeletal system. It provides a rigid framework that supports the body and maintains its shape.
Choice C reason: The skeletal system stores essential minerals such as calcium and phosphate, which can be released into the bloodstream as needed.
Choice D reason: Hematopoiesis, or the production of blood cells, occurs in the red bone marrow found within certain bones. This is a vital function of the skeletal system.
Choice E reason: Bones serve as anchoring points for muscles, allowing movement through the leverage of joints and tendons.
Similar Questions
Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of:
A. Sharpey’s fibers
Sharpey’s fibers are collagen fibers that anchor the periosteum to the underlying bone. They are structural, not part of bone marrow.
B. Elastic tissue
Elastic tissue is found in ligaments and certain connective tissues but is not a major component of yellow bone marrow.
C. Spongy bone
Spongy bone surrounds the marrow cavities but is not the content of yellow marrow itself.
D. Fat
Fat is the correct answer. Yellow bone marrow primarily consists of adipocytes and serves as an energy reserve. It replaces red marrow in many bones as a person ages.
E. Blood-forming cells
Blood-forming cells are found in red bone marrow, not yellow marrow. Red marrow is responsible for hematopoiesis.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Sharpey’s fibers are collagen fibers that anchor the periosteum to the underlying bone. They are structural, not part of bone marrow.
Choice B reason: Elastic tissue is found in ligaments and certain connective tissues but is not a major component of yellow bone marrow.
Choice C reason: Spongy bone surrounds the marrow cavities but is not the content of yellow marrow itself.
Choice D reason: Fat is the correct answer. Yellow bone marrow primarily consists of adipocytes and serves as an energy reserve. It replaces red marrow in many bones as a person ages.
Choice E reason: Blood-forming cells are found in red bone marrow, not yellow marrow. Red marrow is responsible for hematopoiesis.
_____ is attached to the Z disc.
A. Myosin
Myosin is the thick filament in muscle fibers and is not directly attached to the Z disc. It anchors in the center of the sarcomere at the M line and interacts with actin during contraction.
B. Actin
Actin is the correct answer. It forms the thin filaments in muscle fibers and is directly anchored to the Z disc. This attachment allows actin to slide past myosin during muscle contraction, shortening the sarcomere.
C. Troponin
Troponin is a regulatory protein complex that binds calcium and controls the position of tropomyosin on actin filaments. It is located along the actin filament but is not attached to the Z disc.
D. Myofibrils
Myofibrils are bundles of actin and myosin filaments organized into sarcomeres. While they span the length of the muscle fiber and include Z discs, they are not themselves attached to the Z disc.
E. Tropomyosin
Tropomyosin is a regulatory protein that lies along the actin filament and blocks myosin-binding sites in a relaxed muscle. It is not anchored to the Z disc.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Myosin is the thick filament in muscle fibers and is not directly attached to the Z disc. It anchors in the center of the sarcomere at the M line and interacts with actin during contraction.
Choice B reason: Actin is the correct answer. It forms the thin filaments in muscle fibers and is directly anchored to the Z disc. This attachment allows actin to slide past myosin during muscle contraction, shortening the sarcomere.
Choice C reason: Troponin is a regulatory protein complex that binds calcium and controls the position of tropomyosin on actin filaments. It is located along the actin filament but is not attached to the Z disc.
Choice D reason: Myofibrils are bundles of actin and myosin filaments organized into sarcomeres. While they span the length of the muscle fiber and include Z discs, they are not themselves attached to the Z disc.
Choice E reason: Tropomyosin is a regulatory protein that lies along the actin filament and blocks myosin-binding sites in a relaxed muscle. It is not anchored to the Z disc.
Loss of muscle mass from lack of activity is termed:
A. Myopathy
Myopathy refers to any disease of the muscle tissue, often involving weakness or dysfunction, but not specifically due to inactivity.
B. Dystrophy
Dystrophy refers to genetic disorders that cause progressive muscle degeneration, such as muscular dystrophy. It is not caused by inactivity.
C. Apathy
Apathy is a psychological term referring to lack of interest or emotion. It has no relevance to muscle physiology.
D. Atrophy
Atrophy is the correct answer. It refers to the wasting away or reduction in size of muscle tissue due to disuse, immobilization, or lack of neural stimulation. It is a common consequence of inactivity or prolonged bed rest.
E. Treppe
Treppe, or the staircase effect, describes the gradual increase in muscle contraction strength with repeated stimulation. It is unrelated to muscle loss.
Full Explanation
Choice A reason: Myopathy refers to any disease of the muscle tissue, often involving weakness or dysfunction, but not specifically due to inactivity.
Choice B reason: Dystrophy refers to genetic disorders that cause progressive muscle degeneration, such as muscular dystrophy. It is not caused by inactivity.
Choice C reason: Apathy is a psychological term referring to lack of interest or emotion. It has no relevance to muscle physiology.
Choice D reason: Atrophy is the correct answer. It refers to the wasting away or reduction in size of muscle tissue due to disuse, immobilization, or lack of neural stimulation. It is a common consequence of inactivity or prolonged bed rest.
Choice E reason: Treppe, or the staircase effect, describes the gradual increase in muscle contraction strength with repeated stimulation. It is unrelated to muscle loss.